Owner Scorecard


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7267 · Honda Motor

Automakers Capital-intensive IFRS
Latest filing: FY2026 annual securities report (有価証券報告書) · EDINET

The numbers below are read directly from Honda Motor’s EDINET filing, in yen. The Japanese-language narrative is not machine-read; the short business note that follows is written and reviewed by hand, grounded in the filing and the company’s established facts. Find it on EDINET (code 7267) →

The business in brief

What it is
Honda designs and builds machines with engines: motorcycles, automobiles, and power products such as small engines and generators, sold through dealers to consumers and businesses worldwide. It books a margin on each unit, and runs a captive finance arm that lends to buyers and dealers, collecting interest on top of the sale. So the business is part manufacturer, part lender, leaning on its brand and its engineering.
What moves the needle
The test is whether Honda sells a franchise or a commodity: motorcycles and engines are arenas where its name and reputation for reliability might command a price others cannot, while mass-market cars are crowded and capital-hungry, with the buyer holding the whip. Watch the gross margin and the returns on capital for whether the brand actually buys pricing power, or whether scale and unit cost are all that stand between the company and a loss. The bad case is plain: a maker of dear, heavy products on thin margins, exposed to the cycle and to a costly shift in how its engines are powered, where one weak stretch erases the slim profit. The record below tells which case is true.

Written and reviewed by hand, grounded in the filing and the company’s established facts.

I

The record

What the business has done across the cycle, read straight from the EDINET filing: the multi-year record, and the walk from reported profit to the cash an owner could take out.

The record, 2017–2026

realized figures from each filing · older years to the left
2017’172018’182019’192020’202021’212022’222023’232024’242025’252026’26
Income statement
¥14.00T¥15.36T¥15.89T¥14.93T¥13.17T¥14.55T¥16.91T¥20.43T¥21.69T¥21.80TRevenueRevenue
21%21%22%17%Gross marginGross mgn
11%10%11%11%SG&A / revenueSG&A/rev
5%6%5%5%R&D / revenueR&D/rev
¥36.6B¥833.6B¥726.4B¥633.6B¥660.2B¥871.2B¥780.8B¥1.38T¥1.21T(¥414.3B)Operating incomeOp. inc.
0.3%5.4%4.6%4.2%5.0%6.0%4.6%6.8%5.6%−1.9%Operating marginOp. mgn
¥616.6B¥1.06T¥610.3B¥455.7B¥657.4B¥707.1B¥651.4B¥1.11T¥835.8B(¥423.9B)Net incomeNet inc.
Cash flow & returns
¥885.1B¥987.7B¥776.0B¥979.4B¥1.07T¥1.68T¥2.13T¥747.3B¥292.2B¥1.14TOperating cash flowOp. cash
¥268.5B(¥71.7B)¥165.7B¥523.7B¥415.0B¥972.6B¥1.48T(¥359.9B)(¥543.7B)¥1.56TWorking capital & otherWC & other
¥415.6B¥420.8B¥370.2B¥318.4B¥268.1B¥475.0B¥348.7B¥510.8B¥612.1BCapexCapex
2.7%2.6%2.5%2.4%1.8%2.8%1.7%2.4%2.8%Capex / revenueCapex/rev
¥572.1B¥355.2B¥609.2B¥754.0B¥1.41T¥1.65T¥398.6B(¥218.7B)¥523.2BOwner earningsOwner earn.
3.7%2.2%4.1%5.7%9.7%9.8%2.0%−1.0%2.4%Owner earnings marginOE mgn
¥572.1B¥355.2B¥609.2B¥754.0B¥1.41T¥1.65T¥398.6B(¥218.7B)¥523.2BFree cash flowFCF
3.7%2.2%4.1%5.7%9.7%9.8%2.0%−1.0%2.4%Free cash flow marginFCF mgn
¥162.2B¥174.2B¥194.3B¥196.8B¥145.1B¥188.4B¥213.5B¥241.9B¥347.8B¥284.4BDividends paidDiv. paid
¥10M¥87.1B¥64.6B¥96.3B¥6M¥62.8B¥157.0B¥250.5B¥722.4B¥670.9BBuybacksBuybacks
0%12%10%9%8%9%8%13%12%-4%ROICROIC
8%13%7%6%7%7%6%9%7%-4%Return on equityROE
6%11%5%3%6%5%4%7%4%−6%Retained to equityRetained/eq
Balance sheet
¥161.0B¥2.26T¥2.49T¥2.67T¥2.88T¥3.67T¥3.80T¥4.95T¥4.62T¥5.11TCash & investmentsCash+inv
¥459.2B¥474.4B¥509.9B¥491.2B¥469.0B¥478.6B¥553.0B¥797.7B¥703.4B¥637.6BReceivablesReceiv.
¥459.2B¥474.4B¥509.9B¥491.2B¥469.0B¥478.6B¥553.0B¥797.7B¥703.4B¥637.6BOperating working capitalOper. WC
¥1.23T¥6.93T¥7.35T¥7.30T¥7.58T¥8.84T¥9.58T¥11.87T¥11.69T¥13.07TCurrent assetsCur. assets
¥688.4B¥619.4B¥689.3B¥701.6B¥703.8B¥723.5B¥814.4B¥1.36T¥989.3B¥1.64TCurrent liabilitiesCur. liab.
1.8×11.2×10.7×10.4×10.8×12.2×11.8×8.7×11.8×8.0×Current ratioCurr. ratio
¥18.96T¥19.35T¥20.42T¥20.46T¥21.92T¥23.97T¥24.67T¥29.77T¥30.78T¥33.51TTotal assetsAssets
¥30.5B¥29.4B¥38.6B¥133.7B¥150.6B¥483.0B¥508.1B¥564.8B¥427.7B¥1.02TTotal debtDebt
(¥130.5B)(¥2.23T)(¥2.46T)(¥2.54T)(¥2.73T)(¥3.19T)(¥3.29T)(¥4.39T)(¥4.19T)(¥4.08T)Net debt / (cash)Net debt
1354.0×64.3×55.0×25.7×47.6×51.7×21.6×23.2×22.1×-5.0×Interest coverageInt. cov.
¥7.30T¥7.93T¥8.27T¥8.01T¥9.08T¥10.47T¥11.18T¥12.70T¥12.33T¥11.82TShareholders’ equityEquity
Per share
5.43B5.43B5.43B5.43B5.43B5.43B5.43B5.28B5.28B4.53BShares out (diluted)Shares
¥2576.09¥2826.71¥2923.77¥2747.56¥2423.60¥2677.94¥3111.31¥3869.09¥4107.72¥4808.43Revenue / shareRev/sh
¥113.46¥194.94¥112.31¥83.86¥120.98¥130.11¥119.87¥209.69¥158.30¥-93.52EPS (diluted)EPS
¥105.28¥65.37¥112.11¥138.74¥259.74¥304.36¥75.49¥-41.41¥115.42Owner earnings / shareOE/sh
¥105.28¥65.37¥112.11¥138.74¥259.74¥304.36¥75.49¥-41.41¥115.42Free cash flow / shareFCF/sh
¥29.85¥32.06¥35.75¥36.21¥26.70¥34.67¥39.28¥45.81¥65.87¥62.74Dividends / shareDiv/sh
¥76.47¥77.43¥68.12¥58.59¥49.34¥87.42¥66.04¥96.74¥135.02Cap. spending / shareCapex/sh
¥1342.46¥1459.90¥1521.40¥1474.39¥1671.30¥1927.18¥2058.09¥2404.73¥2334.57¥2607.00Book value / shareBVPS

Share counts before 2024 are restated ×3 for a stock split, so per-share figures sit on one basis.

Per-share growththe realized rate an owner's share compounded
9-yr5-yr
Revenue / share+7.2%/yr+14.7%/yr
Owner earnings / share+1.2%/yr (8-yr)−3.6%/yr
Dividends / share+8.6%/yr+18.6%/yr
Capital spending / share+7.4%/yr (8-yr)+18.2%/yr
Book value / share+7.7%/yr+9.3%/yr

Net income is the accountant's number; owner earnings is the cash an owner could take out. The walk between them, off the cash-flow statement, and whether the gap is widening or holding.

In fiscal 2026 the business turned a ¥423.9B loss into ¥523.2B of owner earnings: more cash than the profit line showed, after the non-cash charges and the capital it put back in.

FY2026FY2025FY2024FY2023FY2022
Reported net income(¥423.9B)¥835.8B¥1.11T¥651.4B¥707.1B
Working capital & othertiming of cash in and out, other non-cash items+¥1.56T−¥543.7B−¥359.9B+¥1.48T+¥972.6B
Cash from operations¥1.14T¥292.2B¥747.3B¥2.13T¥1.68T
Capital expenditurecash put back in to keep running and to grow−¥612.1B−¥510.8B−¥348.7B−¥475.0B−¥268.1B
Owner earnings¥523.2B(¥218.7B)¥398.6B¥1.65T¥1.41T
Owner-earnings marginowner earnings ÷ revenue2%-1%2%10%10%

Owner earnings is the cash an owner could pull out without starving the business: operating cash less the capital it must spend to hold its position .

Maintenance capex is estimated as depreciation where a growing business invests above it; free cash flow is the figure the scorecard's free-cash margin reads.

II

Quality & stewardship

Returns, the balance sheet, and stewardship. The same checks the US pages run, in yen.

Owner’s Scorecard

FY2026 Annual securities report · source on EDINET →

Will it survive?

  • Does not cover its interest
    Operating income (¥414.3B) ÷ interest expense ¥83.6B
    What this means

    A full year of operating profit didn't cover the interest bill. This is the zombie zone: the business depends on refinancing, asset sales, or forbearance to service its debt.

  • Net cash
    Cash ¥5.07T + ST investments ¥40.0B − debt ¥1.02T
    What this means

    Cash and short-term investments exceed every dollar of debt by ¥4.08T, on net the company owes nothing, and can act from strength when others can't. Net debt is the leverage figure that matters: the cash is already set against the debt. Strategic or illiquid investments aren't counted here.

  • Not enough data
    What this means

    The filing data didn't include the inputs for this check.

Is it a good business?

  • Solid through the cycle
    10-yr median, range -4%–13%; -4% latest = NOPAT (¥327.3B) ÷ invested capital ¥7.77T
    Industry peers: median 16%
    What this means

    The rate the business earns on the money tied up in it, Buffett's north star, because over time a stock tracks the ROIC beneath it. Above ~15% sustained hints at a moat; a return below the cost of capital (~8%) erodes value as a business grows rather than building it — the test Buffett weighs most. The headline is the median of the last 10 years (it ran -4% most recently), so one peak or trough year doesn't set the verdict. Asset-light businesses (R&D expensed, little capital) read artificially high, pair this with Owner Earnings.

  • Thin through the cycle
    9-yr median margin, range -1%–10%; latest ¥523.2B = operating cash ¥1.14T − maintenance capex ¥612.1B
    Industry peers: median 2%
    What this means

    What an owner could take out without starving the business: operating cash less the maintenance capital it must spend to hold its position — Buffett's owner earnings. That's 2% of revenue this year, a 4% median across 9 years.

  • Loss, but cash-generative
    Net income (¥423.9B) · cash from operations ¥1.14T
    What this means

    The company reported a net loss, so a conversion ratio isn't meaningful. What matters then is whether operations still threw off cash, here, they did.

How is the cash used?

  • Returned more than it generated
    Dividends + buybacks ¥955.3B ÷ Owner Earnings ¥523.2B
    What this means

    The company returned more than it generated: against ¥523.2B of Owner Earnings, ¥955.3B (183%) went back to shareholders, ¥284.4B dividends, ¥670.9B buybacks — the excess came from the balance sheet or borrowing, not the year's operations. Sustained, that pattern draws down cash or adds debt; the net-debt line above shows where it stands.

  • Investing or harvesting?
    Not enough data
    What this means

    The filing data didn't include the inputs for this check.

Durability & moat, 2017–2026

Whether the record’s returns held, and what the capital reinvested earned.

  • Profitable years 9 of 10
    What this means

    Lost money in 1 year(s), look at what happened there before trusting the average.

  • Return on capital ≥ 15% 0 of 10 yrs
    What this means

    A moat shows up as a high return on invested capital that holds year after year, not one good vintage.

  • Operating margin 3% → 3% (3-yr avg ends)
    What this means

    Through the cycle the operating margin held roughly steady — about 3% early, 3% lately, median 5%.

  • Reinvestment, incremental ROIC 8%
    What this means

    Reinvested capital came back at only a modest incremental return — near the cost of capital, where extra growth adds little per dollar. The record shows whether it is a soft stretch or a thinning moat.

  • Owner earnings growth −13%/yr
    What this means

    Owner earnings shrank about 13% a year over the record.

  • Worst year 2026 · −1.9% op. margin
    What this means

    Operations went underwater in 2026, understand why before trusting the good years.

  • Dividend record rising
    What this means

    Paid and raised the dividend across the record, the continuity Graham prized.

All figures as filed; the source filing is linked above.

How the cash was used, 2018–2026

Over the record, the business generated ¥9.80T of operating cash; how management split it reads as a cash builder, a large share of cash simply built up on the balance sheet.

  • Reinvested¥3.74T · 38%
  • Dividends¥1.99T · 20%
  • Buybacks¥2.11T · 22%
  • Retained (debt / cash)¥1.96T · 20%
  • Returned to owners¥4.10T

    68% of the owner earnings the business produced over the span, ¥1.99T as dividends and ¥2.11T as buybacks.

  • Source of fundingOperating cash

    Operating cash covered reinvestment and returns; over the span debt rose ¥994.2B and cash and short-term investments rose ¥2.85T.

  • Average price paid for buybacks

    Buybacks ran ¥2.11T over the span, but the filings don't tag the share count needed to deduce the average price paid.

  • Net change in share count−16.6%

    The diluted count fell from 5434M to 4533M, so the buybacks outran the stock issued to staff.

  • Dividend record¥62.74/sh

    Paid in 9 of the years on record, the per-share dividend growing about 9% a year. It was cut at least once along the way.

  • Return on what it retained−18%

    Of the earnings it kept rather than paid out (¥1.56T over the span), annual owner earnings (first three years vs last three) fell ¥277.8B, so each retained ¥1 gave back about 0.18 of yearly owner earnings. Buffett's test, run on owner earnings instead of market value.

Buybacks are gross of stock issued to staff; the share-count line above is the net of that, the figure that decides whether owners gained. The average price paid blends a year of purchases (and any accelerated repurchase), so it is close, not exact. The record of where the cash went and on what terms.

Inverting the record

Invert: instead of why Honda Motor is a good business, the question is what would make owning it a mistake, and whether those marks are in the record. Disconfirming tests across 2017–2026.

2 of the 5 tests turned up something to look into; the other 3 came back clean.

  • Look hereIs it less profitable than it was?1.1% vs 3.3%

    The owner-earnings margin averaged 3.3% early in the record and 1.1% across the last three years, and the latest year has not recovered. Ask the filing whether that is a structural drift or a cyclical trough — price, mix, cost, or a competitor — and whether it is permanent.

  • Look hereDid debt outgrow the business?¥30.5B → ¥1.02T

    Debt rose from ¥30.5B to ¥1.02T while owner earnings went from about ¥512.2B to ¥234.4B — under 0.1 years of owner earnings in debt then, about 4.4 now: measured against what the business earns, the balance sheet carries more debt than it did. Debt raised for buybacks or deals rather than growth is the kind that bites in a downturn.

And these came back clean
  • Did the share count rise anyway?
  • Did reported profit become cash?
  • Did receivables and inventory outpace sales?

Each test is read from the filings and is noisy alone; a flag can mark a cyclical trough or a year of heavy investment as easily as a problem. The filing says which.

III

The price

What a price would have to assume, set against the record above.

What the price implies

reverse-DCF

Type today's close and see the owner-earnings growth you'd have to believe to justify it, beside what Honda Motor has delivered.

¥

Through the cycle, Honda Motor earns about ¥811.8B on its 3.7% median owner-earnings margin. This year’s 2.4% margin runs below that; the reported figure may understate a lean year. Normalize, below, values the price on that through-cycle figure rather than the latest year.

Base

The assumptions

9.0% = the 4.55% 10-year Treasury (Jul 15, 2026) + 4.45 points of equity premium. The rate you require is yours to set.

Enter a price above to run it.

Implied by the price
Owner-earnings growth · ’22→’26−44%/yr
Owner-earnings growth · ’18→’26−13%/yr
Owner-earnings yield
P/E (3-yr earnings ’24–’26)
P/B
Graham’s price gate

Graham capped the multiple at 15×; Buffett and Munger let that rule go: a wonderful business can deserve 50× if the thesis holds. The gate marks the bargain-hunter's floor.

Against a high-grade bond: Graham’s yardstick bond yield%

Prefilled with the 10-year Treasury (4.55%, as of Jul 15, 2026). Edit it for today’s exact figure, or a AAA corporate yield.

Graham measured a stock against the bond you could own instead, the heart of his margin of safety. Enter a price above to weigh the owner-earnings yield against this bond.

Owner earnings ¥523.2B on 4533M diluted shares; net cash ¥4.08T. The base is the latest year by default; Normalize values it on the through-cycle median owner-earnings margin (to avoid paying on a peak year). Net of stock comp treats option pay as the expense it is. The dials set the multiple a growth belief justifies; the price, and every dollar on this page, is yours.

Figures from EDINET, the Financial Services Agency’s disclosure system, the same kind of filing the US pages draw from EDGAR. A separate pool: these names never pass through the US industry classifier.

Manual order: ← 7261 its page in the Manual 7269 →

Industry order: ← 7261 the Automobiles chapter 7269 →