Share count
1.5Bpeak FY2017
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IMMP, Immutep Limited
Immutep is a late-stage biotechnology company developing novel LAG-3 related immunotherapies for cancer and autoimmune disease.
Our diversified product portfolio harnesses LAG-3's unique ability to modulate the body's immune response.
Efti is a soluble LAG-3Ig fusion protein that is a first-in-class antigen-presenting cell (APC) agonist designed to capitalize on LAG-3's unique ability to drive the adaptive and innate immune systems against cancer.
The business
What it sells, where the money comes from, the kind of company it is.
Revenue · FY2025
A$10M
+31.8% YoY · −9% 5-yr CAGR
Vital signs · TTM
Cash & investments A$130M
Cash burn · annual A$62M
Runway 2.1 yrs
The business in brief
read the 10-K →What this business is and what moves its needle, from its own SEC filings.
- Situation
- Unprofitable. No meaningful revenue yet; the record is the cash on hand against the burn. Net current asset value. Current assets alone exceed every liability combined, and the surplus is most of the balance sheet: the shape Graham called a net-net.
- What moves the needle
- Operating margin has run around −594% through the cycle, the operating line deeply negative — so the lever is the path to a margin at all: revenue growth against the cost curve and the cash runway, not the level of a margin that isn't there yet. Read this kind of business on the pipeline against the patent cliff, and pricing. On its own account, the filing leans hardest on pricing power & competition, set against the numbers in what the filing emphasizes, below.
- Is it a good business?
- Return on capital has rarely cleared the cost of capital (median −183%, above 15% in 0 of 8 years). Owner earnings, the cash-based check, have been thin too. This is price-taker territory, where the balance sheet and the cycle matter more than any multiple; the rest is in the 10-K.
Every line is arithmetic on the company's filings, shown in full in the sections below.
The record
Ten years of arithmetic, read across the cycle.
The record, 2016–2025
realized figures from each filing · older years to the left| 2016’16 | 2017’17 | 2018’18 | 2019’19 | 2020’20 | 2021’21 | 2022’22 | 2023’23 | 2024’24 | 2025’25 | TTMTTMJun 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Income statement | |||||||||||
| A$2M | A$4M | A$7M | A$7M | A$16M | A$4M | A$7M | A$5M | A$8M | A$10M | A$10M | RevenueRevenue |
| (A$63M) | — | — | (A$18M) | (A$13M) | (A$30M) | (A$32M) | (A$40M) | (A$43M) | (A$61M) | (A$61M) | Operating incomeOp. inc. |
| n/m | — | — | −244.9% | −81.6% | −753.3% | −475.3% | −766.8% | −544.6% | −594.3% | −594.3% | Operating marginOp. mgn |
| (A$62M) | (A$9M) | (A$13M) | (A$18M) | (A$13M) | (A$30M) | (A$32M) | (A$40M) | (A$43M) | (A$61M) | (A$61M) | Net incomeNet inc. |
| Cash flow & returns | |||||||||||
| (A$11M) | (A$9M) | (A$8M) | (A$15M) | (A$11M) | (A$18M) | (A$30M) | (A$35M) | (A$35M) | (A$62M) | (A$62M) | Operating cash flowOp. cash |
| A$2M | A$2M | A$2M | A$2M | A$2M | A$2M | A$2M | A$2M | A$2M | A$2M | A$2M | DepreciationDeprec. |
| A$49M | (A$841K) | A$3M | A$1M | A$549K | A$10M | (A$82K) | A$2M | A$6M | (A$3M) | (A$3M) | Working capital & otherWC & other |
| A$27K | A$7K | A$12K | A$41K | A$19K | A$16K | A$23K | A$83K | A$29K | A$46K | A$46K | CapexCapex |
| 1.3% | 0.2% | 0.2% | 0.6% | 0.1% | 0.4% | 0.3% | 1.6% | 0.4% | 0.4% | 0.4% | Capex / revenueCapex/rev |
| (A$11M) | (A$9M) | (A$8M) | (A$15M) | (A$11M) | (A$18M) | (A$30M) | (A$35M) | (A$35M) | (A$62M) | (A$62M) | Owner earningsOwner earn. |
| −558.8% | −201.7% | −105.9% | −204.7% | −65.8% | −444.9% | −447.7% | −681.5% | −444.6% | −601.0% | −601.0% | Owner earnings marginOE mgn |
| (A$11M) | (A$9M) | (A$8M) | (A$15M) | (A$11M) | (A$18M) | (A$30M) | (A$35M) | (A$35M) | (A$62M) | (A$62M) | Free cash flowFCF |
| −558.8% | −201.7% | −105.9% | −204.7% | −65.8% | −444.9% | −447.7% | −681.5% | −444.6% | −601.0% | −601.0% | Free cash flow marginFCF mgn |
| — | A$0 | A$0 | A$0 | A$0 | A$0 | A$0 | A$0 | A$0 | A$0 | A$0 | Dividends paidDiv. paid |
| -346% | — | — | -185% | -152% | -186% | -180% | -241% | -122% | -64% | -64% | ROICROIC |
| -176% | -35% | -38% | -75% | -40% | -41% | -34% | -29% | -23% | -43% | -43% | Return on equityROE |
| −176% | −35% | −38% | −75% | −40% | −41% | −34% | −29% | −23% | −43% | −43% | Retained to equityRetained/eq |
| Balance sheet | |||||||||||
| A$21M | A$12M | A$23M | A$17M | A$26M | A$61M | A$80M | A$123M | A$182M | A$130M | A$130M | Cash & investmentsCash+inv |
| — | A$2M | A$3M | A$5M | A$3M | A$6M | A$8M | A$8M | A$7M | A$10M | A$10M | ReceivablesReceiv. |
| — | A$3M | A$4M | A$5M | A$3M | A$5M | A$6M | A$9M | A$10M | A$11M | A$11M | Accounts payablePayables |
| — | (A$395K) | (A$232K) | A$134K | A$359K | A$1M | A$3M | (A$1M) | (A$2M) | (A$766K) | (A$766K) | Operating working capitalOper. WC |
| — | A$16M | A$29M | A$24M | A$31M | A$68M | A$91M | A$135M | A$191M | A$149M | A$149M | Current assetsCur. assets |
| — | A$3M | A$4M | A$5M | A$3M | A$5M | A$6M | A$10M | A$10M | A$13M | A$13M | Current liabilitiesCur. liab. |
| — | 6.0× | 7.4× | 4.4× | 9.3× | 12.8× | 14.2× | 13.8× | 18.2× | 11.7× | 11.7× | Current ratioCurr. ratio |
| A$43M | A$35M | A$47M | A$41M | A$47M | A$82M | A$102M | A$147M | A$202M | A$157M | A$157M | Total assetsAssets |
| (A$21M) | (A$12M) | (A$23M) | (A$17M) | (A$26M) | (A$61M) | (A$80M) | (A$123M) | (A$182M) | (A$130M) | (A$130M) | Net debt / (cash)Net debt |
| -7706.8× | — | — | — | -1287.0× | -3042.5× | -347.5× | -1954.6× | -1395.2× | -1655.9× | -1655.9× | Interest coverageInt. cov. |
| A$35M | A$27M | A$34M | A$24M | A$33M | A$73M | A$94M | A$136M | A$190M | A$144M | A$144M | Shareholders’ equityEquity |
| Per share | |||||||||||
| 2.23B | 2.37B | 275M | 347M | 413M | 595M | 849M | 892M | 1.20B | 1.46B | 1.46B | Shares out (diluted)Shares |
| A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.03 | A$0.02 | A$0.04 | A$0.01 | A$0.01 | A$0.01 | A$0.01 | A$0.01 | A$0.01 | Revenue / shareRev/sh |
| A$-0.03 | A$-0.00 | A$-0.05 | A$-0.05 | A$-0.03 | A$-0.05 | A$-0.04 | A$-0.04 | A$-0.04 | A$-0.04 | A$-0.04 | EPS (diluted)EPS |
| A$-0.01 | A$-0.00 | A$-0.03 | A$-0.04 | A$-0.03 | A$-0.03 | A$-0.04 | A$-0.04 | A$-0.03 | A$-0.04 | A$-0.04 | Owner earnings / shareOE/sh |
| A$-0.01 | A$-0.00 | A$-0.03 | A$-0.04 | A$-0.03 | A$-0.03 | A$-0.04 | A$-0.04 | A$-0.03 | A$-0.04 | A$-0.04 | Free cash flow / shareFCF/sh |
| — | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | Dividends / shareDiv/sh |
| A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | A$0.00 | Cap. spending / shareCapex/sh |
| A$0.02 | A$0.01 | A$0.12 | A$0.07 | A$0.08 | A$0.12 | A$0.11 | A$0.15 | A$0.16 | A$0.10 | A$0.10 | Book value / shareBVPS |
The diluted share count moved ×1/8.62 into 2018 — shares retired, not a split the totals corroborate — and the per-share figures carry the counts as filed.
The diluted share count moved ×1.44 into 2021 — shares issued, not a split the totals corroborate — and the per-share figures carry the counts as filed.
The diluted share count moved ×1.43 into 2022 — shares issued, not a split the totals corroborate — and the per-share figures carry the counts as filed.
Per-share growththe realized rate an owner's share compounded
| 9-yr | 5-yr | |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue / share | +25.6%/yr | −29.2%/yr |
| Capital spending / share | +11.1%/yr | −7.7%/yr |
| Book value / share | +22.5%/yr | +4.1%/yr |
The record, charted
FY2016–2025Each measure over its full record; the current point and the worst year marked.
ROIC
−64%low FY2016
Owner earnings vs. net income
Owner earningsNet incomeThe accountant's number, and the cash an owner can take; the gap is the tell.
(A$62M)owner earningsvs.(A$61M)net incomelow FY2025
Net income is the accountant's number; owner earnings is the cash an owner could take out. The walk between them, off the cash-flow statement, and whether the gap is widening or holding.
In fiscal 2025 the business reported a A$61M loss but (A$62M) of owner earnings: A$661K less than the profit line, taken out by capital spending and the timing of cash.
| FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reported net income | (A$61M) | (A$43M) | (A$40M) | (A$32M) | (A$30M) |
| Depreciation & amortizationnon-cash charge added back | +A$2M | +A$2M | +A$2M | +A$2M | +A$2M |
| Working capital & othertiming of cash in and out, other non-cash items | −A$3M | +A$6M | +A$2M | −A$82K | +A$10M |
| Cash from operations | (A$62M) | (A$35M) | (A$35M) | (A$30M) | (A$18M) |
| Capital expenditurecash put back in to keep running and to grow | −A$46K | −A$29K | −A$83K | −A$23K | −A$16K |
| Owner earnings | (A$62M) | (A$35M) | (A$35M) | (A$30M) | (A$18M) |
| Owner-earnings marginowner earnings ÷ revenue | -601% | -445% | -681% | -448% | -445% |
Owner earnings is the cash an owner could pull out without starving the business: operating cash less the capital it must spend to hold its position .
Maintenance capex is estimated as depreciation where a growing business invests above it; free cash flow is the figure the scorecard's free-cash margin reads.
Quality & stewardship
Returns, the balance sheet, capital allocation, and pay.
Owner’s Scorecard
FY2025 20-F · source on SEC EDGAR →
Will it survive?
- Can it pay its interest? -1655.9×Does not cover its interestOperating income (A$61M) ÷ interest expense A$37K
What this means
A full year of operating profit didn't cover the interest bill. This is the zombie zone: the business depends on refinancing, asset sales, or forbearance to service its debt.
- Net cash, debt-freeCash A$67M + ST investments A$62M − debt A$0
What this means
Cash and short-term investments exceed every dollar of debt by A$130M, on net the company owes nothing, and can act from strength when others can't. Net debt is the leverage figure that matters: the cash is already set against the debt. Strategic or illiquid investments aren't counted here.
- Not enough data
What this means
The filing data didn't include the inputs for this check.
Is it a good business?
- Not enough dataIndustry peers: median -40%
What this means
The filing data didn't include the inputs for this check.
- Owner-earnings margin -445%Consumes cash through the cycle10-yr median margin, range -681%–-66%; latest (A$62M) = operating cash (A$62M) − maintenance capex A$46KIndustry peers: median -530%
What this means
What an owner could take out without starving the business: operating cash less the maintenance capital it must spend to hold its position — Buffett's owner earnings. That's -601% of revenue this year, a -445% median across 10 years.
- Are earnings backed by cash? (A$62M)Loss, and burning cashNet income (A$61M) · cash from operations (A$62M)
What this means
The company reported a net loss, so a conversion ratio isn't meaningful. What matters then is whether operations still threw off cash, here, they did not.
How is the cash used?
- No surplus to allocate
What this means
The business didn't generate positive Owner Earnings this year, so any distributions came from the balance sheet or borrowing, not from operations.
- Investing or harvesting? 0.02×HarvestingCapex A$46K ÷ depreciation A$2M
What this means
Descriptive, not a grade. Above ~1× means investing faster than assets wear out (growth, or, sustained for years, today's earnings carrying less depreciation than tomorrow's will). Below means spending less than it's wearing out (efficiency, or a melting asset base). The ratio won't tell you which; the filings will.
Graham’s defensive tests · 1 of 3 met
Graham’s numerical criteria for the defensive investor (The Intelligent Investor, ch. 14), run on the filings. A floor of safety, not a buy signal; many fine modern businesses fail his strictest liquidity rules by design.
- Adequate size —Revenue ≥ $2B (a dollar floor) · A$10M
What this means
Big enough to weather a storm. Graham's floor is a dollar figure — about $2B of revenue as a conservative modern stand-in. This company reports in its home currency and we carry no exchange rate, so we show the figure and leave the size bar for you to apply rather than convert it with a number we don't have.
- Strong liquidity PassCurrent ratio ≥ 2× · 11.69×
What this means
Current assets at least twice current liabilities, near-term bills covered without touching the business. Strict by design: many cash-rich modern firms run leaner and miss it, holding their cushion in longer-dated securities.
- Earnings stability MissA profit every year (10-yr record) · 10 loss years
What this means
Graham wanted earnings in each of the past ten years, the stability a defensive owner leans on.
- Dividend record MissUninterrupted dividends · none paid
What this means
An unbroken dividend was Graham's mark of durability. He wanted twenty years; the filings show about ten, and a single suspension breaks the streak. Non-payers, many fine modern compounders, fall outside his defensive net by design.
- Earnings growth —Earnings +33% over the record · —
What this means
Earnings were negative early in the record, a growth rate isn't meaningful.
- Moderate price —P/E ≤ 15 and P/E × P/B ≤ 22.5 · decided by the price
What this means
Graham's valuation gate, the wall he kept between a sound business and a sound investment. Three-year average earnings are A$-0.03/share (latest year A$-0.04), the averaged base the calculator's gate runs on, and book value is A$0.10/share. Enter a price in “What the price implies” just below for the P/E, P/B, and whether it clears. But this is the rule Buffett outgrew: there's no hard P/E law, and a wonderful business can deserve a far richer multiple if the thesis holds, treat it as the bargain-hunter's floor, not a verdict on the price.
Durability & moat, 2016–2025
Whether the record’s returns held, and what the capital reinvested earned.
- Profitable years 0 of 10
What this means
Lost money in 10 year(s), look at what happened there before trusting the average.
- Operating margin −1147% → −635% (3-yr avg ends)
What this means
Through the cycle the operating margin widened — about −1147% early to −635% lately, median −594% — pricing power intact or improving.
- Worst year 2016 · −3114.4% op. margin
What this means
Operations went underwater in 2016, understand why before trusting the good years.
- Share count −4.6%/yr
What this means
The share count is shrinking, buybacks are quietly growing your slice of the business.
Does AI threaten the moat?
Low contestabilityThe moat is physical, regulated or balance-sheet-funded, the kind AI cuts costs within but does not contest.
AI is unlikely to contest a moat that is physical, regulated or balance-sheet-funded; here it reads more as a cost tool than a threat.
Read from the filing's own risk factors, paired with the industry's structure under its SIC code; the durability is read above, the price below.
All figures as filed; the source filing is linked above.
Current Position
as of fiscal year-end, Jun 30, 2025Can the business pay what it owes this year, off the freshest balance sheet: the quality of the assets, the debt actually coming due, and what a low ratio means here.
Current assetsA$149M
- Cash & short-term investmentsA$130M
- ReceivablesA$10M
- Other current assetsA$10M
Current liabilitiesA$13M
- Accounts payableA$11M
- Other current liabilitiesA$2M
Current ratio11.69×all current assets ÷ what's due · Graham looked for 2×
Quick ratio—inventory untagged this quarter, so withheld rather than shown equal to the current ratio
Cash ratio10.16×strictest: cash alone against what's due
Working capitalA$136Mthe cushion left after near-term bills
Cash runway2.1 yrsthe business is consuming cash; this is how long the cash on hand lasts at that rate
Deeper floors
Tangible book valueA$144Mequity stripped of goodwill & intangibles
Net current asset valueA$136MGraham's net-net: current assets less all liabilities
Debt incl. operating leasesA$520KA$520K of it operating leases
From the company's latest filing.
Peers, Pharmaceuticals
The same industry, side by side on owner economics. Each figure is a through-cycle median, so a peak or trough year can’t distort it; the group median at the foot is the line to read each against.
| Company | Revenue | Gross margin | Op. margin | ROIC | Owner earn. margin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EVMNEvommune Inc. | $13M | — | -623.6% | -40% | -590% |
| PRLDPrelude Therapeutics Incorporated | $12M | — | -861.3% | -247% | -464% |
| CBIOCrescent Biopharma Inc. | $11M | — | -957.2% | — | -530% |
| XOMAXOMA Royalty Corporation | $10M | — | -177.6% | -16% | -250% |
| IMMPImmutep Limited | A$10M | — | -569.4% | -183% | -445% |
| ZBIOZenas BioPharma Inc. | $10M | — | -3277.8% | -144% | -1724% |
| JANXJanux Therapeutics Inc. | $10M | — | -905.4% | -14% | -508% |
| PRTAProthena Corporation plc | $10M | — | -1390.3% | — | -1090% |
| Group median | — | — | -883.4% | -92% | -519% |
The price
What a price has to assume.
What the price implies
reverse-DCFEnter the US price, in dollars: the NYSE/Nasdaq quote you hold. Per the filing's own cover, “American Depositary Shares, each representing 10 Ordinary”; Immutep Limited reports in AUD, so every figure in this tool is stated per ADS and translated at AUD 1 = $0.700 (2026-07-17, reference rate) so your dollar quote reconciles exactly. The record tables elsewhere on this page remain as filed, in AUD.
Immutep Limited is profitable, but owner earnings are negative this year because capital spending currently outruns operating cash, a build-out, so the owner-earnings reverse-DCF has no positive base to grow. We read the price from both ends instead: type a price to see the steady-state profitability it demands, then set the mature margin you would believe and weigh the two against each other. Nothing leaves your browser unless you enter it in your notebook.
$
The assumptions
Revenue, delivered−2%/yr’20→’25
Enter a price to run it.
Owner earnings it must reach—
Margin the price demands—
Owner-earnings margin today−601%
A dated snapshot of the price you typed, the assumptions you set, and what the page showed for them. A snapshot is never edited after it is saved. Your notebook is yours alone — the commitment states what is stored and what we will never do.
Two reads of one future. From your price: the owner earnings the company must reach, valued at a mature multiple and discounted back at your rate, expressed as the margin it implies on revenue grown at your rate. From your belief: the mature margin you would credit, set on the dial above. When the margin the price demands runs above the one you would believe, you are paying for a future taken on faith. For a deep cyclical at a trough, normalized through-cycle earnings are the better lens; this mode is for the genuinely unprofitable, and for the profitable business whose capital spending currently outruns its cash.
Cite: Owner Scorecard, "Immutep Limited (IMMP), the owner's record," https://ownerscorecard.com/c/IMMP, data as of 2026-07-09.
Manual order: ← IHS its page in the Manual IMOS →
Industry order: ← IFRX the Pharmaceuticals chapter IMNM →