7202 · Isuzu Motors

Will it survive?

• Can it pay its interest? 24.5×
  Comfortable
  Operating income ¥203.7B ÷ interest expense ¥8.3B
  What this means

  Operating profit covers interest with the kind of margin Graham wanted for a defensive holding. Necessary, not sufficient, it says solvent, not cheap.

• How heavy is the debt, net of cash? ¥481.2B · 2.4× operating profit
  Meaningful net debt
  Cash ¥376.2B − debt ¥857.4B
  What this means

  Netting ¥376.2B of cash and short-term investments against ¥857.4B of debt leaves ¥481.2B owed, about 2.4× a year's operating profit (4.2× on the gross debt, before the cash). Net debt is the leverage figure that matters: the cash is already set against the debt. Strategic or illiquid investments aren't counted here.

• How long is cash tied up? —
  Not enough data
  What this means

  The filing data didn't include the inputs for this check.

Is it a good business?

• Return on invested capital 12%
  Solid through the cycle
  10-yr median, range 8%–14%; 8% latest = NOPAT ¥160.9B ÷ invested capital ¥1.96T
  Industry peers: median 16%
  What this means

  The rate the business earns on the money tied up in it, Buffett's north star, because over time a stock tracks the ROIC beneath it. Above ~15% sustained hints at a moat; a return below the cost of capital (~8%) erodes value as a business grows rather than building it — the test Buffett weighs most. The headline is the median of the last 10 years (it ran 8% most recently), so one peak or trough year doesn't set the verdict. Asset-light businesses (R&D expensed, little capital) read artificially high, pair this with Owner Earnings.

• Owner-earnings margin 3%
  Thin through the cycle
  3-yr median margin, range 2%–5%; latest ¥68.3B = operating cash ¥247.4B − maintenance capex ¥179.1B
  Industry peers: median 2%
  What this means

  What an owner could take out without starving the business: operating cash less the maintenance capital it must spend to hold its position — Buffett's owner earnings. That's 2% of revenue this year, a 3% median across 3 years.

• Are earnings backed by cash? 1.83×
  Cash-backed
  Cash from ops ¥247.4B ÷ net income ¥134.9B
  What this means

  How much of reported profit showed up as operating cash. Above 1× is reassuring; well below suggests earnings lean on accruals. One year is noisy, growth and working-capital swings distort it, and this is operating cash, not free cash. Watch the multi-year trend.

How is the cash used?

• Where do the earnings go? 168%
  Returned more than it generated
  Dividends + buybacks ¥114.8B ÷ Owner Earnings ¥68.3B
  What this means

  The company returned more than it generated: against ¥68.3B of Owner Earnings, ¥114.8B (168%) went back to shareholders, ¥64.8B dividends, ¥50.0B buybacks — the excess came from the balance sheet or borrowing, not the year's operations. Sustained, that pattern draws down cash or adds debt; the net-debt line above shows where it stands.

• Investing or harvesting? 1.17×
  Maintaining
  Capex ¥179.1B ÷ depreciation ¥152.5B
  What this means

  Descriptive, not a grade. Above ~1× means investing faster than assets wear out (growth, or, sustained for years, today's earnings carrying less depreciation than tomorrow's will). Below means spending less than it's wearing out (efficiency, or a melting asset base). The ratio won't tell you which; the filings will.

Durability & moat, 2017–2026

Whether the record’s returns held, and what the capital reinvested earned.

• Profitable years 10 of 10
  What this means

  Never lost money over the record, the earnings stability Graham insisted on.

• Return on capital ≥ 15% 0 of 10 yrs
  What this means

  A moat shows up as a high return on invested capital that holds year after year, not one good vintage.

• Operating margin 8% → 7% (3-yr avg ends)
  What this means

  Through the cycle the operating margin held roughly steady — about 8% early, 7% lately, median 7%.

• Reinvestment, incremental ROIC 8%
  What this means

  Reinvested capital came back at only a modest incremental return — near the cost of capital, where extra growth adds little per dollar. The record shows whether it is a soft stretch or a thinning moat.

• Owner earnings growth −21%/yr
  What this means

  Owner earnings shrank about 21% a year over the record.

• Worst year 2021 · 5.0% op. margin
  What this means

  Stayed profitable even in its hardest year, the resilience that survives recessions.

• Share count −2.3%/yr
  What this means

  The share count is shrinking, buybacks are quietly growing your slice of the business.

• Dividend record rising
  What this means

  Paid and raised the dividend across the record, the continuity Graham prized.