Share count
12Mpeak FY2020
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PRE, Prenetics Global Limited
A pharmaceutical business, where patents grant a temporary monopoly the pipeline must keep refilling.
The business
What it sells, where the money comes from, the kind of company it is.
Revenue · FY2024
$31M
+40.8% YoY · −17% 4-yr CAGR
Vital signs · TTM
The business in brief
read the 10-K →What this business is and what moves its needle, from its own SEC filings.
- Situation
- Unprofitable. No meaningful revenue yet; the record is the cash on hand against the burn.
- What moves the needle
- Operating margin has run around −239% through the cycle on a 40% gross margin, the operating line in the red even at its best — so the lever is whether the spending below the gross line can come down enough to clear a profit: revenue growth against the cost curve, and the cash runway until it does. Inventory runs near 21% of sales, so how fast it turns back into cash — and the risk of writing it down when demand softens — sits alongside the margin. Read this kind of business on the pipeline against the patent cliff, and pricing. On its own account, the filing leans hardest on customer concentration, set against the numbers in what the filing emphasizes, below.
- Is it a good business?
- Return on capital has rarely cleared the cost of capital (median −29%, above 15% in 0 of 4 years). Owner earnings, the cash-based check, have been thin too. This is price-taker territory, where the balance sheet and the cycle matter more than any multiple; the rest is in the 10-K.
Every line is arithmetic on the company's filings, shown in full in the sections below.
The record
Ten years of arithmetic, read across the cycle.
The record, 2020–2024
realized figures from each filing · older years to the left| 2020’20 | 2021’21 | 2022’22 | 2023’23 | 2024’24 | TTMTTMDec 2024 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Income statement | ||||||
| $65M | $13M | $13M | $22M | $31M | $31M | RevenueRevenue |
| 40% | 29% | 27% | 41% | 50% | 50% | Gross marginGross mgn |
| ($995K) | ($57M) | ($66M) | ($52M) | ($48M) | ($48M) | Operating incomeOp. inc. |
| −1.5% | −452.1% | −501.5% | −238.7% | −157.2% | −157.2% | Operating marginOp. mgn |
| ($2M) | ($174M) | ($190M) | ($63M) | ($46M) | ($46M) | Net incomeNet inc. |
| Cash flow & returns | ||||||
| ($3M) | $13M | $15M | ($14M) | ($29M) | ($29M) | Operating cash flowOp. cash |
| $1M | $4M | $6M | $6M | $4M | $4M | DepreciationDeprec. |
| ($2M) | $183M | $199M | $43M | $13M | $13M | Working capital & otherWC & other |
| $3M | $9M | $5M | $345K | $1M | $1M | CapexCapex |
| 4.4% | 68.2% | 37.6% | 1.6% | 3.3% | 3.3% | Capex / revenueCapex/rev |
| ($6M) | $5M | $10M | ($14M) | ($30M) | ($30M) | Owner earningsOwner earn. |
| −8.8% | 38.9% | 72.7% | −64.9% | −97.6% | −97.6% | Owner earnings marginOE mgn |
| ($6M) | $5M | $10M | ($14M) | ($30M) | ($30M) | Free cash flowFCF |
| −8.8% | 38.9% | 72.7% | −64.9% | −97.6% | −97.6% | Free cash flow marginFCF mgn |
| -5% | — | -58% | -26% | -32% | -32% | ROICROIC |
| -6% | — | -80% | -30% | -27% | -27% | Return on equityROE |
| −6% | — | −80% | −30% | −27% | −27% | Retained to equityRetained/eq |
| Balance sheet | ||||||
| $14M | $35M | $147M | $46M | $52M | $52M | Cash & investmentsCash+inv |
| — | $55M | $53M | $18M | $17M | $17M | ReceivablesReceiv. |
| — | $7M | $5M | $3M | $7M | $7M | InventoryInvent. |
| — | $62M | $58M | $21M | $23M | $23M | Operating working capitalOper. WC |
| — | $107M | $242M | $94M | $86M | $86M | Current assetsCur. assets |
| — | $59M | $57M | $39M | $37M | $37M | Current liabilitiesCur. liab. |
| — | 1.8× | 4.2× | 2.4× | 2.4× | 2.4× | Current ratioCurr. ratio |
| $4M | $4M | $34M | $29M | $37M | $37M | GoodwillGoodwill |
| — | $149M | $312M | $254M | $214M | $214M | Total assetsAssets |
| ($14M) | ($35M) | ($147M) | ($46M) | ($52M) | ($52M) | Net debt / (cash)Net debt |
| -16.7× | -10.8× | -15.7× | — | — | -11.5× | Interest coverageInt. cov. |
| $31M | ($401M) | $237M | $206M | $170M | $170M | Shareholders’ equityEquity |
| Per share | ||||||
| 13.2M | 973K | 5.1M | 11.2M | 12.5M | 13.0M | Shares out (diluted)Shares |
| $4.95 | $12.88 | $2.60 | $1.93 | $2.45 | $2.36 | Revenue / shareRev/sh |
| $-0.15 | $-178.81 | $-37.57 | $-5.58 | $-3.71 | $-3.57 | EPS (diluted)EPS |
| $-0.44 | $5.00 | $1.89 | $-1.25 | $-2.39 | $-2.30 | Owner earnings / shareOE/sh |
| $-0.44 | $5.00 | $1.89 | $-1.25 | $-2.39 | $-2.30 | Free cash flow / shareFCF/sh |
| $0.22 | $8.78 | $0.98 | $0.03 | $0.08 | $0.08 | Cap. spending / shareCapex/sh |
| $2.35 | $-411.88 | $46.76 | $18.35 | $13.64 | $13.12 | Book value / shareBVPS |
The diluted share count moved ×1/13.54 into 2021 — shares retired, not a split the totals corroborate — and the per-share figures carry the counts as filed.
The diluted share count moved ×5.21 into 2022 — shares issued, not a split the totals corroborate — and the per-share figures carry the counts as filed.
The diluted share count moved ×2.22 into 2023 — shares issued, not a split the totals corroborate — and the per-share figures carry the counts as filed.
Per-share growththe realized rate an owner's share compounded
| 4-yr | 5-yr | |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue / share | −16.1%/yr | −16.1%/yr (4-yr) |
| Capital spending / share | −22.0%/yr | −22.0%/yr (4-yr) |
| Book value / share | +55.2%/yr | +55.2%/yr (4-yr) |
The record, charted
FY2020–2024Each measure over its full record; the current point and the worst year marked.
ROIC
−32%low FY2022
Gross margin
50%low FY2022
Owner earnings vs. net income
Owner earningsNet incomeThe accountant's number, and the cash an owner can take; the gap is the tell.
($30M)owner earningsvs.($46M)net incomelow FY2024
Net income is the accountant's number; owner earnings is the cash an owner could take out. The walk between them, off the cash-flow statement, and whether the gap is widening or holding.
In fiscal 2024 the business turned a $46M loss into ($30M) of owner earnings: more cash than the profit line showed, after the non-cash charges and the capital it put back in.
| FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | FY2020 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reported net income | ($46M) | ($63M) | ($190M) | ($174M) | ($2M) |
| Depreciation & amortizationnon-cash charge added back | +$4M | +$6M | +$6M | +$4M | +$1M |
| Working capital & othertiming of cash in and out, other non-cash items | +$13M | +$43M | +$199M | +$183M | −$2M |
| Cash from operations | ($29M) | ($14M) | $15M | $13M | ($3M) |
| Capital expenditurecash put back in to keep running and to grow | −$1M | −$345K | −$5M | −$9M | −$3M |
| Owner earnings | ($30M) | ($14M) | $10M | $5M | ($6M) |
| Owner-earnings marginowner earnings ÷ revenue | -98% | -65% | 73% | 39% | -9% |
Owner earnings is the cash an owner could pull out without starving the business: operating cash less the capital it must spend to hold its position .
Maintenance capex is estimated as depreciation where a growing business invests above it; free cash flow is the figure the scorecard's free-cash margin reads.
Quality & stewardship
Returns, the balance sheet, capital allocation, and pay.
Owner’s Scorecard
FY2024 20-F · source on SEC EDGAR →
Restated past financials
“The results of the discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 have been restated in the consolidated statement of profit or loss to conform to the current period's presentation.”
The figures below are only as sound as the controls that produced them. read the note →
Will it survive?
- Can it pay its interest? -11.5×Does not cover its interestOperating income ($48M) ÷ interest expense $4M
What this means
A full year of operating profit didn't cover the interest bill. This is the zombie zone: the business depends on refinancing, asset sales, or forbearance to service its debt.
- Net cash, debt-freeCash $52M − debt $0
What this means
Cash and short-term investments exceed every dollar of debt by $52M, on net the company owes nothing, and can act from strength when others can't. Net debt is the leverage figure that matters: the cash is already set against the debt. Strategic or illiquid investments aren't counted here.
- Not enough data
What this means
The filing data didn't include the inputs for this check.
Is it a good business?
- Not enough dataIndustry peers: median -85%
What this means
The filing data didn't include the inputs for this check.
- Consumes cash through the cycle5-yr median margin, range -98%–73%; latest ($30M) = operating cash ($29M) − maintenance capex $1MIndustry peers: median -504%
What this means
What an owner could take out without starving the business: operating cash less the maintenance capital it must spend to hold its position — Buffett's owner earnings. That's -98% of revenue this year, a -9% median across 5 years.
- Are earnings backed by cash? ($29M)Loss, and burning cashNet income ($46M) · cash from operations ($29M)
In the filing’s words The filing discloses a restatement of previously reported figures — some numbers in the record have moved since they were first filed; read what changed, and why, before trusting the trend.
What this means
The company reported a net loss, so a conversion ratio isn't meaningful. What matters then is whether operations still threw off cash, here, they did not.
How is the cash used?
- Not enough data
What this means
The filing data didn't include the inputs for this check.
- Investing or harvesting? 0.25×HarvestingCapex $1M ÷ depreciation $4M
What this means
Descriptive, not a grade. Above ~1× means investing faster than assets wear out (growth, or, sustained for years, today's earnings carrying less depreciation than tomorrow's will). Below means spending less than it's wearing out (efficiency, or a melting asset base). The ratio won't tell you which; the filings will.
Graham’s defensive tests · 1 of 4 met
Graham’s numerical criteria for the defensive investor (The Intelligent Investor, ch. 14), run on the filings. A floor of safety, not a buy signal; many fine modern businesses fail his strictest liquidity rules by design.
- Adequate size MissRevenue ≥ $2B · $31M
What this means
Big enough to weather a storm. Graham's 1972 floor was ~$100M of sales (≈ $700M today); we use a $2B revenue line as a conservative modern stand-in.
- Strong liquidity PassCurrent ratio ≥ 2× · 2.36×
What this means
Current assets at least twice current liabilities, near-term bills covered without touching the business. Strict by design: many cash-rich modern firms run leaner and miss it, holding their cushion in longer-dated securities.
- Earnings stability MissA profit every year (5-yr record) · 5 loss years
What this means
Graham wanted earnings in each of the past ten years, the stability a defensive owner leans on.
- Dividend record MissUninterrupted dividends · none paid
What this means
An unbroken dividend was Graham's mark of durability. He wanted twenty years; the filings show about ten, and a single suspension breaks the streak. Non-payers, many fine modern compounders, fall outside his defensive net by design.
- Moderate price —P/E ≤ 15 and P/E × P/B ≤ 22.5 · decided by the price
What this means
Graham's valuation gate, the wall he kept between a sound business and a sound investment. Three-year average earnings are $-5.92/share (latest year $-2.74), the averaged base the calculator's gate runs on, and book value is $10.10/share. Enter a price in “What the price implies” just below for the P/E, P/B, and whether it clears. But this is the rule Buffett outgrew: there's no hard P/E law, and a wonderful business can deserve a far richer multiple if the thesis holds, treat it as the bargain-hunter's floor, not a verdict on the price.
Durability & moat, 2020–2024
Whether the record’s returns held, and what the capital reinvested earned.
- Profitable years 0 of 5
What this means
Lost money in 5 year(s), look at what happened there before trusting the average.
- Operating margin −227% → −198% (2-yr avg ends)
What this means
Through the cycle the operating margin widened — about −227% early to −198% lately, median −239% — pricing power intact or improving.
- Worst year 2022 · −501.5% op. margin
What this means
Operations went underwater in 2022, understand why before trusting the good years.
- Share count −1.3%/yr
What this means
The share count is shrinking, buybacks are quietly growing your slice of the business.
Does AI threaten the moat?
Low contestabilityThe moat is physical, regulated or balance-sheet-funded, the kind AI cuts costs within but does not contest.
In its own filing Raised, but not as a competitor
The filing raises AI among its risks, but in other terms (security, regulation, energy or the like), not as a competitor to its product; it frames AI mainly as a capability.
AI is unlikely to contest a moat that is physical, regulated or balance-sheet-funded; here it reads more as a cost tool than a threat, and the company is using it that way.
Read from the filing's own risk factors, paired with the industry's structure under its SIC code; the durability is read above, the price below.
All figures as filed; the source filing is linked above.
Current Position
as of fiscal year-end, Dec 31, 2024Can the business pay what it owes this year, off the freshest balance sheet: the quality of the assets, the debt actually coming due, and what a low ratio means here.
Current assets$86M
- Cash & short-term investments$52M
- Receivables$17M
- Inventory$7M
- Other current assets$11M
Current liabilities$37M
- Other current liabilities$37M
Current ratio2.36×all current assets ÷ what's due · Graham looked for 2×
Quick ratio2.18×stricter: inventory excluded
Cash ratio1.43×strictest: cash alone against what's due
Working capital$50Mthe cushion left after near-term bills
Cash runway1.7 yrsthe business is consuming cash; this is how long the cash on hand lasts at that rate
Deeper floors
Tangible book value$121Mequity stripped of goodwill & intangibles
Net current asset value$44MGraham's net-net: current assets less all liabilities
Debt incl. operating leases$6M$6M of it operating leases
Deferred revenue$6Mcustomer cash collected before delivery; operating float
From the company's latest filing.
Acquisitions & goodwill
from the balance sheet & the 5-year cash-flow recordGoodwill grows only when a company acquires and falls only when it concedes it overpaid. The size of that bet, the cash put into buying rather than building, and how much has already been written off.
Goodwill & intangibles$49M23% of all assets; the premium carried on the balance sheet for businesses acquired
Against book equity22%goodwill is this share of book equity; the rest is the company’s own retained and paid-in capital
Cash spent acquiring$0over 5 years buying other businesses, against $18M of capital spent building
None written down over the record; the goodwill is still carried at full cost. That is the deals holding their value on the books so far; whether they keep doing so is the test an owner watches, since the write-down, when it comes, is the admission the price was too high.
Goodwill, acquired intangibles and equity from the latest balance sheet; acquisition spend and write-downs summed across the 5-year record, from the company's own filings.
Peers, Pharmaceuticals
The same industry, side by side on owner economics. Each figure is a through-cycle median, so a peak or trough year can’t distort it; the group median at the foot is the line to read each against.
| Company | Revenue | Gross margin | Op. margin | ROIC | Owner earn. margin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AQSTAquestive Therapeutics Inc. | $45M | 60% | -72.6% | — | -62% |
| PVLAPalvella Therapeutics Inc. | $43M | — | -124.9% | — | -77% |
| WVEWave Life Sciences Ltd. | $43M | — | -935.3% | — | -512% |
| RCUSArcus Biosciences Inc. | $33M | — | -656.8% | -55% | -503% |
| VSTMVerastem Inc. | $31M | 99% | -758.1% | -78% | -794% |
| PREPrenetics Global Limited | $31M | 40% | -238.7% | -29% | -9% |
| ALMSAlumis Inc. | $24M | — | -1886.9% | -169% | -1539% |
| NAMSNewAmsterdam Pharma Company N.V. | $23M | — | -694.9% | -92% | -504% |
| Group median | — | 60% | -675.8% | -78% | -503% |
The price
What a price has to assume.
What the price implies
reverse-DCFEnter the US price, in dollars: the NYSE/Nasdaq quote you hold. Prenetics Global Limited's US listing is the ordinary share itself. The record tables elsewhere on this page remain as filed.
Prenetics Global Limited is profitable, but owner earnings are negative this year because capital spending currently outruns operating cash, a build-out, so the owner-earnings reverse-DCF has no positive base to grow. We read the price from both ends instead: type a price to see the steady-state profitability it demands, then set the mature margin you would believe and weigh the two against each other. Nothing leaves your browser unless you enter it in your notebook.
$
The assumptions
Revenue, delivered−9%/yr’20→’24
Enter a price to run it.
Owner earnings it must reach—
Margin the price demands—
Owner-earnings margin today−98%
A dated snapshot of the price you typed, the assumptions you set, and what the page showed for them. A snapshot is never edited after it is saved. Your notebook is yours alone — the commitment states what is stored and what we will never do.
Two reads of one future. From your price: the owner earnings the company must reach, valued at a mature multiple and discounted back at your rate, expressed as the margin it implies on revenue grown at your rate. From your belief: the mature margin you would credit, set on the dial above. When the margin the price demands runs above the one you would believe, you are paying for a future taken on faith. For a deep cyclical at a trough, normalized through-cycle earnings are the better lens; this mode is for the genuinely unprofitable, and for the profitable business whose capital spending currently outruns its cash.
Cite: Owner Scorecard, "Prenetics Global Limited (PRE), the owner's record," https://ownerscorecard.com/c/PRE, data as of 2026-07-09.
Manual order: ← PONY its page in the Manual PRQR →
Industry order: ← PHAT the Pharmaceuticals chapter PRGO →