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RMNI, Rimini Street Inc. (DE)
Rimini Street, Inc. are global providers of end-to-end third-party enterprise software support, managed services and Agentic AI ERP innovation solutions.
We became and remain the leading independent software support provider for enterprise software based on both the number of active clients supported and recognition by industry analyst firms.
As our reputation for technical capability, value, ingenuity, responsiveness and reliability has grown over the past twenty years, clients and prospects have asked us to expand the scope of our support, product and service offerings to meet other current and evolving needs and opportunities related to their enterprise software.
The business
What it sells, where the money comes from, the kind of company it is.
The business in brief
read the 10-K →What this business is and what moves its needle, from its own SEC filings.
- Situation
- Cyclical. Margins collapse and recover repeatedly across the record; a single year, good or bad, misstates the through-cycle earning power.
- What moves the needle
- Gross margin has run about 61% and operating margin about 7.9% through the cycle, a wide spread between price and the cost of what it sells — whether that advantage is durable pricing power or a margin that can erode is the question the record is for. The operating margin has swung widely — from −7.5% to 14% — on a steadier 61% gross margin, so what moves it sits below the gross line, in operating spend and one-off charges more than in the cost of the product itself. On its own account, the filing leans hardest on customer concentration, set against the numbers in what the filing emphasizes, below.
Every line is arithmetic on the company's filings, shown in full in the sections below.
Where the money comes from
read the 10-K →54% of revenue comes from outside the United States.
- International54%$228M
- United States46%$193M
From the segment footnote of the company's own 10-K. Shares are of total revenue; the profit bar shows each segment's share of segment operating profit, before unallocated corporate costs.
The record
Ten years of arithmetic, read across the cycle.
The record, 2016–2025
realized figures from each filing · older years to the left| 2016’16 | 2017’17 | 2018’18 | 2019’19 | 2020’20 | 2021’21 | 2022’22 | 2023’23 | 2024’24 | 2025’25 | TTMTTMMar 2026 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Income statement | |||||||||||
| $160M | $215M | $253M | $281M | $327M | $374M | $410M | $431M | $429M | $422M | $423M | RevenueRevenue |
| 58% | 61% | 62% | 63% | 61% | 64% | 63% | 62% | 61% | 60% | 60% | Gross marginGross mgn |
| 23% | 17% | 15% | 17% | 16% | 17% | 18% | 17% | 17% | 17% | 17% | SG&A / revenueSG&A/rev |
| $14M | $25M | $30M | $22M | $18M | $27M | $8M | $44M | ($32M) | $60M | $55M | Operating incomeOp. inc. |
| 8.7% | 11.8% | 11.6% | 7.9% | 5.5% | 7.2% | 2.0% | 10.1% | −7.5% | 14.2% | 13.1% | Operating marginOp. mgn |
| ($13M) | ($50M) | ($64M) | $21M | $12M | $75M | ($2M) | $26M | ($36M) | $37M | $35M | Net incomeNet inc. |
| — | — | — | 11% | 28% | — | — | 37% | — | 33% | 30% | Effective tax rateTax rate |
| Cash flow & returns | |||||||||||
| ($60M) | $29M | $22M | $20M | $42M | $67M | $35M | $12M | ($39M) | $60M | $51M | Operating cash flowOp. cash |
| $2M | $2M | $2M | $2M | $2M | $2M | $3M | $3M | $4M | $4M | $4M | DepreciationDeprec. |
| ($51M) | $74M | $80M | ($8M) | $21M | ($20M) | $24M | ($29M) | ($16M) | $8M | $971K | Working capital & otherWC & other |
| $1M | $1M | $1M | $2M | $1M | $2M | $4M | $7M | $3M | $5M | $4M | CapexCapex |
| 0.7% | 0.6% | 0.4% | 0.7% | 0.5% | 0.6% | 1.1% | 1.7% | 0.8% | 1.1% | 1.0% | Capex / revenueCapex/rev |
| ($61M) | $28M | $21M | $19M | $41M | $65M | $32M | $10M | ($42M) | $56M | $47M | Owner earningsOwner earn. |
| −38.0% | 12.9% | 8.4% | 6.6% | 12.4% | 17.3% | 7.9% | 2.2% | −9.8% | 13.2% | 11.0% | Owner earnings marginOE mgn |
| ($61M) | $28M | $21M | $19M | $41M | $65M | $31M | $5M | ($42M) | $56M | $47M | Free cash flowFCF |
| −38.0% | 12.9% | 8.4% | 6.6% | 12.4% | 17.3% | 7.5% | 1.2% | −9.8% | 13.2% | 11.0% | Free cash flow marginFCF mgn |
| — | — | — | $0 | $0 | $3M | $0 | $0 | — | — | $0 | Dividends paidDiv. paid |
| — | — | — | $0 | $0 | $0 | $5M | $1M | $0 | $8M | — | BuybacksBuybacks |
| Balance sheet | |||||||||||
| $9M | $22M | $25M | $38M | $88M | $120M | $129M | $125M | $89M | $120M | $132M | Cash & investmentsCash+inv |
| $55M | $64M | $81M | $112M | $118M | $135M | $116M | $119M | $131M | $137M | $96M | ReceivablesReceiv. |
| $9M | $10M | $13M | $2M | $3M | $6M | $8M | $6M | $5M | $6M | $5M | Accounts payablePayables |
| $46M | $53M | $68M | $109M | $115M | $130M | $108M | $113M | $126M | $131M | $91M | Operating working capitalOper. WC |
| $89M | $112M | $125M | $177M | $233M | $287M | $282M | $289M | $256M | $300M | $274M | Current assetsCur. assets |
| $213M | $229M | $226M | $259M | $295M | $330M | $353M | $336M | $325M | $347M | $324M | Current liabilitiesCur. liab. |
| 0.4× | 0.5× | 0.6× | 0.7× | 0.8× | 0.9× | 0.8× | 0.9× | 0.8× | 0.9× | 0.8× | Current ratioCurr. ratio |
| $99M | $122M | $147M | $201M | $280M | $391M | $391M | $394M | $369M | $423M | $397M | Total assetsAssets |
| $88M | $82M | $2M | $0 | $0 | $83M | $75M | $70M | $85M | $67M | $72M | Total debtDebt |
| $79M | $60M | ($22M) | ($38M) | ($88M) | ($36M) | ($54M) | ($55M) | ($4M) | ($53M) | ($60M) | Net debt / (cash)Net debt |
| — | — | — | — | 232.3× | 17.3× | 1.9× | 7.9× | -5.1× | 9.7× | 9.7× | Interest coverageInt. cov. |
| ($181M) | ($174M) | ($230M) | ($223M) | ($203M) | ($80M) | ($77M) | ($39M) | ($69M) | ($27M) | ($23M) | Shareholders’ equityEquity |
| 1.4% | 1.4% | 1.7% | 2.0% | 2.3% | 2.6% | 2.7% | 2.9% | 2.2% | 2.6% | 2.6% | Stock comp / revenueSBC/rev |
| Per share | |||||||||||
| 48.5M | 64.5M | 61.4M | 66.0M | 71.2M | 89.0M | 87.7M | 89.5M | 90.5M | 94.5M | 93.9M | Shares out (diluted)Shares |
| $3.30 | $3.33 | $4.13 | $4.26 | $4.59 | $4.21 | $4.67 | $4.82 | $4.74 | $4.46 | $4.50 | Revenue / shareRev/sh |
| $-0.27 | $-0.78 | $-1.04 | $0.32 | $0.16 | $0.85 | $-0.03 | $0.29 | $-0.40 | $0.39 | $0.37 | EPS (diluted)EPS |
| $-1.25 | $0.43 | $0.35 | $0.28 | $0.57 | $0.73 | $0.37 | $0.11 | $-0.47 | $0.59 | $0.50 | Owner earnings / shareOE/sh |
| $-1.25 | $0.43 | $0.35 | $0.28 | $0.57 | $0.73 | $0.35 | $0.06 | $-0.47 | $0.59 | $0.50 | Free cash flow / shareFCF/sh |
| — | — | — | $0.00 | $0.00 | $0.03 | $0.00 | $0.00 | — | — | $0.00 | Dividends / shareDiv/sh |
| $0.02 | $0.02 | $0.02 | $0.03 | $0.02 | $0.02 | $0.05 | $0.08 | $0.04 | $0.05 | $0.05 | Cap. spending / shareCapex/sh |
| $-3.72 | $-2.70 | $-3.75 | $-3.38 | $-2.85 | $-0.90 | $-0.88 | $-0.44 | $-0.77 | $-0.29 | $-0.24 | Book value / shareBVPS |
Share counts before 2018 are restated ×2 for a stock split, so per-share figures sit on one basis.
| 9-yr | 5-yr | |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue / share | +3.4%/yr | −0.6%/yr |
| Owner earnings / share | — | +0.6%/yr |
| EPS | — | +19.3%/yr |
| Capital spending / share | +7.9%/yr | +18.4%/yr |
The record, charted
FY2016–2025Each measure over its full record; the current point and the worst year marked. Share counts on the current split basis.
Owner earnings vs. net income
Owner earningsNet incomeThe accountant's number, and the cash an owner can take; the gap is the tell.
Where the cash went
ReinvestBuybacksDividendsAcquisitionsRetainedEach year's operating cash, by what management did with it: the mix, and how it drifts.
Net income is the accountant's number; owner earnings is the cash an owner could take out. The walk between them, off the cash-flow statement, and whether the gap is widening or holding.
In fiscal 2025 the business turned $37M of profit into $56M of owner earnings: more cash than the profit line showed, after the non-cash charges and the capital it put back in.
| FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reported net income | $37M | ($36M) | $26M | ($2M) | $75M |
| Depreciation & amortizationnon-cash charge added back | +$4M | +$4M | +$3M | +$3M | +$2M |
| Stock-based compensationreal costnon-cash, but a real cost | +$11M | +$10M | +$13M | +$11M | +$10M |
| Working capital & othertiming of cash in and out, other non-cash items | +$8M | −$16M | −$29M | +$24M | −$20M |
| Cash from operations | $60M | ($39M) | $12M | $35M | $67M |
| Maintenance capital expenditurethe spending needed just to hold position and volume | −$5M | −$3M | −$3M | −$3M | −$2M |
| Owner earnings | $56M | ($42M) | $10M | $32M | $65M |
| Growth capital expenditurediscretionary; spent to get bigger, not to stand still | — | — | −$4M | −$2M | — |
| Free cash flow | $56M | ($42M) | $5M | $31M | $65M |
| Owner-earnings marginowner earnings ÷ revenue | 13% | -10% | 2% | 8% | 17% |
Owner earnings is the cash an owner could pull out without starving the business: operating cash less the capital it must spend to hold its position . The cash-flow statement also adds stock comp back as non-cash, but it is a real cost paid in shares; counted as the expense it is (less $11M), owner earnings is nearer $45M.
Maintenance capex is estimated as depreciation where a growing business invests above it; free cash flow is the figure the scorecard's free-cash margin reads.
Quality & stewardship
Returns, the balance sheet, capital allocation, and pay.
Owner’s Scorecard
Will it survive?
- ComfortableOperating income $60M ÷ interest expense $6M
What this means
Operating profit covers interest with the kind of margin Graham wanted for a defensive holding. Necessary, not sufficient, it says solvent, not cheap.
- Net cashCash $120M − debt $67M
What this means
Cash and short-term investments exceed every dollar of debt by $53M, on net the company owes nothing, and can act from strength when others can't. Net debt is the leverage figure that matters: the cash is already set against the debt. Strategic or illiquid investments aren't counted here.
- Long (60+ days)DSO 119 + DIO 0 − DPO 13 days
What this means
Days cash is tied up between paying suppliers and collecting from customers. Lower is better; a long cycle means growth itself eats cash. (Little or no inventory, a services / asset-light model, so the inventory leg is ~0.)
Is it a good business?
- Not meaningful hereInvested capital ($80M) = debt $67M + equity ($27M) − cashIndustry peers: median 3%
What this means
Invested capital is near zero or negative, usually years of buybacks pulling equity down. ROIC explodes or flips sign and stops meaning anything. Judge this one on Owner Earnings instead.
- Solid through the cycle10-yr median margin, range -38%–17%; latest $56M = operating cash $60M − maintenance capex $5MIndustry peers: median 12%
What this means
What an owner could take out without starving the business: operating cash less the maintenance capital it must spend to hold its position — Buffett's owner earnings. That's 13% of revenue this year, a 8% median across 10 years. Treating stock comp as the real expense it is (less $11M of SBC) leaves $45M.
- Cash-backedCash from ops $60M ÷ net income $37M
What this means
How much of reported profit showed up as operating cash. Above 1× is reassuring; well below suggests earnings lean on accruals. One year is noisy, growth and working-capital swings distort it, and this is operating cash, not free cash. Watch the multi-year trend.
How is the cash used?
- Reinvests most of itDividends + buybacks $8M ÷ Owner Earnings $56M
What this means
Of $56M Owner Earnings, $8M (14%) went back to shareholders, $0 dividends, $8M buybacks. But the buybacks barely exceed stock issued to employees ($11M SBC), net of dilution, little was truly returned. Returning most of it is the mark of a mature business with little left to reinvest at a high return; reinvesting most could mean a long runway, or empire-building. The split doesn't say which; the return earned on it (see ROIC) does.
- Investing or harvesting? 1.18×MaintainingCapex $5M ÷ depreciation $4M
What this means
Descriptive, not a grade. Above ~1× means investing faster than assets wear out (growth, or, sustained for years, today's earnings carrying less depreciation than tomorrow's will). Below means spending less than it's wearing out (efficiency, or a melting asset base). The ratio won't tell you which; the filings will.
Graham’s defensive tests · 0 of 5 met
Graham’s numerical criteria for the defensive investor (The Intelligent Investor, ch. 14), run on the filings. A floor of safety, not a buy signal; many fine modern businesses fail his strictest liquidity rules by design.
- Adequate size MissRevenue ≥ $2B · $422M
What this means
Big enough to weather a storm. Graham's 1972 floor was ~$100M of sales (≈ $700M today); we use a $2B revenue line as a conservative modern stand-in.
- Strong liquidity MissCurrent ratio ≥ 2× · 0.86×
What this means
Current assets at least twice current liabilities, near-term bills covered without touching the business. Strict by design: many cash-rich modern firms run leaner and miss it, holding their cushion in longer-dated securities.
- Conservative debt MissDebt ≤ working capital · $67M vs ($47M) WC
What this means
Graham's rule that borrowings not exceed net current assets. Capital-heavy and buyback-heavy firms routinely fail it, read it next to interest coverage, not alone.
- Earnings stability MissA profit every year (10-yr record) · 5 loss years
What this means
Graham wanted earnings in each of the past ten years, the stability a defensive owner leans on.
- Dividend record MissUninterrupted dividends · 1 of 10 yrs
What this means
An unbroken dividend was Graham's mark of durability. He wanted twenty years; the filings show about ten, and a single suspension breaks the streak. Non-payers, many fine modern compounders, fall outside his defensive net by design.
- Earnings growth —Earnings +33% over the record · —
What this means
Earnings were negative early in the record, a growth rate isn't meaningful.
- Moderate price —P/E ≤ 15 and P/E × P/B ≤ 22.5 · decided by the price
What this means
Graham's valuation gate, the wall he kept between a sound business and a sound investment. Three-year average earnings are $0.10/share (latest year $0.40), the averaged base the calculator's gate runs on, and book value is $-0.29/share. Enter a price in “What the price implies” just below for the P/E, P/B, and whether it clears. But this is the rule Buffett outgrew: there's no hard P/E law, and a wonderful business can deserve a far richer multiple if the thesis holds, treat it as the bargain-hunter's floor, not a verdict on the price.
Durability & moat, 2016–2025
Whether the record’s returns held, and what the capital reinvested earned.
- Profitable years 5 of 10
What this means
Lost money in 5 year(s), look at what happened there before trusting the average.
- Operating margin 11% → 6% (3-yr avg ends)
What this means
The recent-years average (6%) sits below the early years (11%), but the latest year (14%) is back near the early level: a cyclical trough dragging the window down, not a one-way slide. The through-cycle median is 8% — read it across the cycle, not on the dip.
- Worst year 2024 · −7.5% op. margin
What this means
Operations went underwater in 2024, understand why before trusting the good years.
- Dividend record paid
What this means
Paid a dividend in 1 of the years on record.
Does AI threaten the moat?
Elevated contestabilityThe product is software or information, the very thing capable AI now produces more cheaply, so the moat is more contestable than the record alone implies.
Its FY2025 10-K names artificial intelligence as a competitive threat, in language that was not in the prior year's filing.
“These competitors include companies of various sizes and both public and private companies, including large, global companies and smaller companies with more specialized focuses, new entrants and AI or cloud-native companies.”
AI has collapsed the cost of building a capable substitute for the very thing this business sells. When a credible alternative can be assembled for a fraction of the incumbent's price, it is pricing power that erodes first, not revenue tomorrow. The live question is whether the moat survives that, not whether it held in the past. Whether that question is answerable at all is yours to decide, against your own circle of competence.
Read from the filing's own risk factors, paired with the industry's structure under its SIC code; the durability is read above, the price below.
All figures as filed; the source filing is linked above.
Current Position
as of the latest quarter, Mar 31, 2026Can the business pay what it owes this year, off the freshest balance sheet: the quality of the assets, the debt actually coming due, and what a low ratio means here.
- Cash & short-term investments$132M
- Receivables$96M
- Other current assets$46M
- Accounts payable$5M
- Other current liabilities$319M
Its current ratio is below 1, which usually reads as strain; here it is likely structural strength. What it owes in the near term is money to suppliers and customers (payables and deferred revenue), not to lenders, so the balance sheet is funded by operating float, the way Costco's and Amazon's are. The low ratio can be the edge, not the risk; the cash-conversion cycle and the debt due above say which.
From the company's latest filing.
How the cash was used, 2016–2025
Over the record, the business generated $190M of operating cash; how management split it reads as a cash builder, a large share of cash simply built up on the balance sheet.
- Reinvested$29M · 15%
- Dividends$3M · 2%
- Buybacks$13M · 7%
- Retained (debt / cash)$145M · 76%
- Returned to owners$16M
10% of the owner earnings the business produced over the span, $3M as dividends and $13M as buybacks.
- Source of fundingOperating cash
Operating cash covered reinvestment and returns; over the span debt fell $16M and cash and short-term investments rose $123M.
- Average price paid for buybacks$4.45
Across the years where the filing reports a share count, 3M shares were bought for $13M, about $4.45 each. Year to year the price paid ranged from $4.00 (2025) to $5.27 (2022); its heaviest year, 2025, paid $4.00 ($8M).
- Net change in share count93.5%
The diluted count rose from 49M to 94M: issuance (stock pay, deals) outran any buybacks, so owners were diluted on net.
- Dividend record$0.00/sh
Paid in 1 of the years on record. It was cut at least once along the way.
Buybacks are gross of stock issued to staff; the share-count line above is the net of that, the figure that decides whether owners gained. The average price paid blends a year of purchases (and any accelerated repurchase), so it is close, not exact. The record of where the cash went and on what terms.
Management, ownership & pay
read the proxy →From the proxy: how much of the business the people running it own, and how they are paid, beside what the business earned for its owners in the same years.
| Fiscal year | Chief executive | Pay, as filed | “Actually paid” | Owner earnings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | Seth A. Ravin | $1.7M | $2.4M | $65M |
| 2022 | Seth A. Ravin | $1.2M | $779k | $32M |
| 2023 | Seth A. Ravin | $4.7M | $4.4M | $10M |
| 2024 | Seth A. Ravin | $3.7M | $4.1M | ($42M) |
| 2025 | Seth A. Ravin | $3.8M | $4.5M | $56M |
Both pay figures are the company’s own, from the pay-versus-performance table its proxy statement files. “As filed” is the Summary Compensation Table total: salary, bonus, and equity awards at their value on the day of grant. “Actually paid” is the SEC’s prescribed recalculation, which re-marks those equity awards to what they became as they vested; it can swing far above or below the filed figure in either direction, and negative years occur. Owner earnings are the whole business's, from the record above, for the same fiscal years.
- Insider ownership42%
The stake all directors and executive officers hold together, per the 2026 proxy: skin in the game, the first thing Munger reads.
- CEO pay ratio57:1
What the chief earns for every dollar the median employee makes, per the 2026 proxy. A high ratio alone settles nothing; some businesses are genuinely top-heavy in scarce skill. A runaway figure is where Buffett starts asking whether the board is doing its job.
- Stock-based compensation$11M
The slice of the business handed to employees in shares this year, 3% of revenue, equal to 18% of operating profit. Buffett's oldest accounting fight: this is compensation, compensation is an expense, real whether or not the headline earnings admit it. One trap: the cash-flow statement adds SBC back, so the operating cash, and the owner earnings drawn from it, are flattered by exactly this amount; counted as the cost it is, what an owner keeps is lower.
Inverting the record
Invert: instead of why Rimini Street Inc. (DE) is a good business, the question is what would make owning it a mistake, and whether those marks are in the record. Disconfirming tests across 2016–2025.
1 of the 6 tests turned up something to look into; the other 5 came back clean.
- Look hereDid the share count rise anyway?93.5%
Diluted shares grew 93.5% over 2016–2025, even as the company spent $13M on buybacks. The repurchases were outrun by issuance — to staff, in a raise, or in a deal — and the filing says which; owners' slice still shrank. Read the buyback line beside this one, not on its own.
- Is it less profitable than it was?
- Did debt outgrow the business?
- Did reported profit become cash?
- Did receivables and inventory outpace sales?
- Are "one-time" charges a yearly habit?
Each test is read from the filings and is noisy alone; a flag can mark a cyclical trough or a year of heavy investment as easily as a problem. The filing says which.
What an owner would ask, FY2025
read the 10-K →- Which reported numbers are a judgment call?Management names Income taxes, Contingencies as critical estimates
each rests partly on management's judgment; the filing's note sets out the assumptionsverify →
The questions the record and the charts do not answer on their own; each carries the figure and the place to look.
Peers, Commercial Services & Supplies
The same industry, side by side on owner economics. Each figure is a through-cycle median, so a peak or trough year can’t distort it; the group median at the foot is the line to read each against.
| Company | Revenue | Gross margin | Op. margin | ROIC | Owner earn. margin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HQYHealthEquity | $1.3B | 60% | 14.0% | 5% | 24% |
| GETYGetty Images Holdings Inc. | $981M | 73% | 19.2% | — | 10% |
| PRTHPriority Technology Holdings Inc. | $953M | 30% | 8.0% | 16% | 6% |
| NUTXNutex Health Inc. | $875M | 39% | -12.8% | -182% | 10% |
| EEXEmerald Holding Inc. | $463M | 71% | 7.0% | 3% | 23% |
| RMNIRimini Street Inc. (DE) | $422M | 62% | 8.3% | — | 8% |
| AVPTAvePoint Inc. | $419M | 72% | -10.2% | — | 12% |
| RPAYRepay Holdings Corporation | $309M | 76% | -20.6% | -4% | 24% |
| Group median | — | 67% | 7.5% | — | 11% |
The price
What a price has to assume.
What the price implies
reverse-DCFType today's close and see the owner-earnings growth you'd have to believe to justify it, beside what Rimini Street Inc. (DE) has delivered.
Rimini Street Inc. (DE)’s latest year runs above its own through-cycle margin — the reported figure may flatter a peak. So the tool opens on the through-cycle base, Graham’s averaging cutting both ways; clear the toggle below to read the latest year exactly as reported.
Through the cycle, Rimini Street Inc. (DE) earns about $34M on its 8.2% median owner-earnings margin. This year’s 13.2% margin runs above that; the reported figure may flatter a peak you'd be paying on. Normalize, below, values the price on that through-cycle figure rather than the latest year. It comes pre-checked here for that reason, the same rule that already normalizes a trough; clear it to price the year as filed.
—
9.0% = the 4.55% 10-year Treasury (Jul 15, 2026) + 4.45 points of equity premium. The rate you require is yours to set.
Enter a price above to run it.
A dated snapshot of the price you typed, the assumptions you set, and what the page showed for them. A snapshot is never edited after it is saved. Your notebook is yours alone — the commitment states what is stored and what we will never do.
Graham capped the multiple at 15×; Buffett and Munger let that rule go: a wonderful business can deserve 50× if the thesis holds. The gate marks the bargain-hunter's floor.
Prefilled with the 10-year Treasury (4.55%, as of Jul 15, 2026). Edit it for today’s exact figure, or a AAA corporate yield.
Graham measured a stock against the bond you could own instead, the heart of his margin of safety. Enter a price above to weigh the owner-earnings yield against this bond.
Owner earnings $47M on 93M shares outstanding, per the 10-Q cover, as of 2026-04-28; net cash $60M. The base opens on the through-cycle figure (the latest year sits above the record’s own median, and Graham’s averaging cuts both ways); clear Normalize to use the year as filed. Net of stock comp treats option pay as the expense it is. The dials set the multiple a growth belief justifies; the price, and every dollar on this page, is yours.
Manual order: ← RMD its page in the Manual RMR →
Industry order: ← RELY the Commercial Services & Supplies chapter ROL →