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WES, Western Midstream Partners LP Common
To provide superior midstream service, we focus on ensuring the reliability and performance of our systems, creating sustainable cost efficiencies, enhancing our safety culture, and protecting the environment.
In our capacity as a natural - gas processor, we also buy and sell residue, NGLs, and condensate on behalf of ourselves and our customers under certain contracts.
In our operations, we contract with customers to provide midstream services focused on natural gas, NGLs, crude oil, produced water, and water solutions.
The business
What it sells, where the money comes from, the kind of company it is.
The business in brief
read the 10-K →What this business is and what moves its needle, from its own SEC filings.
- What moves the needle
- Gross margin has run about 73% and operating margin about 42% through the cycle, a wide spread between price and the cost of what it sells — whether that advantage is durable pricing power or a margin that can erode is the question the record is for. The cash cycle has run negative through the cycle (a median of −144 days): the operation is paid before it pays, so working capital releases cash as the business grows rather than tying it up. Read this kind of business on rate base and the allowed return. On its own account, the filing leans hardest on pricing power & competition, set against the numbers in what the filing emphasizes, below.
Every line is arithmetic on the company's filings, shown in full in the sections below.
The record
Ten years of arithmetic, read across the cycle.
The record, 2016–2025
realized figures from each filing · older years to the left| 2016’16 | 2017’17 | 2018’18 | 2019’19 | 2020’20 | 2021’21 | 2022’22 | 2023’23 | 2024’24 | 2025’25 | TTMTTMMar 2026 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Income statement | |||||||||||
| $1.8B | $2.4B | $2.3B | $2.7B | $2.5B | $2.7B | $3.3B | $3.1B | $3.6B | $3.8B | $4.0B | RevenueRevenue |
| 73% | 63% | 81% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 88% | Gross marginGross mgn |
| 3% | 2% | 3% | 4% | 6% | 7% | 6% | 7% | 8% | 10% | 10% | SG&A / revenueSG&A/rev |
| $705M | $802M | $861M | $1.2B | $879M | $1.3B | $1.6B | $1.4B | $2.0B | $1.6B | $1.7B | Operating incomeOp. inc. |
| 39.0% | 33.0% | 37.4% | 44.9% | 34.5% | 49.5% | 48.8% | 44.4% | 54.7% | 41.7% | 41.0% | Operating marginOp. mgn |
| $346M | $541M | $552M | $697M | $527M | $916M | $1.2B | $1.0B | $1.6B | $1.2B | $1.2B | Net incomeNet inc. |
| 2% | — | 10% | 2% | 1% | -1% | 0% | 0% | 1% | 1% | 1% | Effective tax rateTax rate |
| Cash flow & returns | |||||||||||
| $913M | $1.0B | $1.3B | $1.3B | $1.6B | $1.8B | $1.7B | $1.7B | $2.1B | $2.2B | $2.2B | Operating cash flowOp. cash |
| $273M | $319M | $389M | $483M | $491M | $552M | $582M | $601M | $650M | $711M | $741M | DepreciationDeprec. |
| $289M | $178M | $401M | $128M | $597M | $271M | ($126M) | $6M | ($125M) | $280M | $145M | Working capital & otherWC & other |
| $480M | $1.0B | $1.9B | $1.2B | $424M | $314M | $487M | $735M | $834M | $728M | $821M | CapexCapex |
| 26.6% | 42.3% | 84.5% | 43.3% | 16.6% | 11.6% | 15.0% | 23.7% | 23.1% | 19.0% | 20.3% | Capex / revenueCapex/rev |
| $640M | $724M | $959M | $841M | $1.2B | $1.5B | $1.2B | $926M | $1.5B | $1.5B | $1.3B | Owner earningsOwner earn. |
| 35.5% | 29.8% | 41.6% | 30.6% | 47.6% | 53.9% | 37.4% | 29.8% | 41.2% | 38.9% | 33.1% | Owner earnings marginOE mgn |
| $433M | $14M | ($600M) | $135M | $1.2B | $1.5B | $1.2B | $926M | $1.3B | $1.5B | $1.3B | Free cash flowFCF |
| 24.0% | 0.6% | −26.0% | 4.9% | 47.6% | 53.9% | 37.4% | 29.8% | 36.2% | 38.9% | 33.1% | Free cash flow marginFCF mgn |
| $27K | $3M | $134M | $128M | $19M | $4M | $10M | $1M | $10M | $0 | $2M | AcquisitionsAcquis. |
| $374M | $442M | $502M | $969M | $696M | $534M | $736M | $978M | $1.2B | $1.4B | $1.5B | Dividends paidDiv. paid |
| — | — | $0 | $0 | $33M | $217M | $488M | $135M | $0 | $0 | — | BuybacksBuybacks |
| Balance sheet | |||||||||||
| $359M | $80M | $92M | $100M | $445M | $202M | $287M | $273M | $1.1B | $819M | $647M | Cash & investmentsCash+inv |
| $193M | $160M | $221M | $260M | $453M | $432M | $549M | $666M | $701M | $759M | $813M | ReceivablesReceiv. |
| $247M | $350M | $443M | $293M | $211M | $326M | $361M | $362M | $313M | $319M | $414M | Accounts payablePayables |
| ($54M) | ($190M) | ($222M) | ($33M) | $242M | $106M | $188M | $303M | $388M | $440M | $399M | Operating working capitalOper. WC |
| $596M | $255M | $345M | $402M | $943M | $685M | $900M | $992M | $1.8B | $1.7B | $1.5B | Current assetsCur. assets |
| $315M | $424M | $637M | $486M | $961M | $1.1B | $904M | $1.3B | $1.7B | $1.2B | $1.4B | Current liabilitiesCur. liab. |
| 1.9× | 0.6× | 0.5× | 0.8× | 1.0× | 0.6× | 1.0× | 0.8× | 1.1× | 1.3× | 1.1× | Current ratioCurr. ratio |
| $418M | $416M | $446M | $446M | $5M | $5M | $5M | $5M | $5M | $353M | $348M | GoodwillGoodwill |
| $7.7B | $8.0B | $11.5B | $12.3B | $11.8B | $11.3B | $11.3B | $12.5B | $13.1B | $15.0B | $14.9B | Total assetsAssets |
| $3.1B | $3.6B | $5.2B | $8.0B | $7.9B | $6.9B | $6.8B | $7.9B | $7.9B | $8.6B | $8.6B | Total debtDebt |
| $2.8B | $3.5B | $5.2B | $7.9B | $7.4B | $6.7B | $6.5B | $7.6B | $6.8B | $7.8B | $8.0B | Net debt / (cash)Net debt |
| 6.0× | 5.6× | 4.7× | 4.1× | 2.3× | 3.5× | 4.8× | 4.0× | 5.2× | 4.1× | 4.1× | Interest coverageInt. cov. |
| 0.3% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.6% | 0.9% | 1.0% | 0.9% | 1.0% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.3% | Stock comp / revenueSBC/rev |
| Per share | |||||||||||
| — | — | — | 416M | 436M | 412M | 396M | 384M | 382M | 388M | 401M | Shares out (diluted)Shares |
| — | — | — | $6.60 | $5.85 | $6.55 | $8.20 | $8.08 | $9.42 | $9.90 | $10.10 | Revenue / shareRev/sh |
| — | — | — | $1.68 | $1.21 | $2.22 | $3.07 | $2.66 | $4.11 | $3.04 | $3.05 | EPS (diluted)EPS |
| — | — | — | $2.02 | $2.79 | $3.53 | $3.06 | $2.41 | $3.89 | $3.85 | $3.35 | Owner earnings / shareOE/sh |
| — | — | — | $0.32 | $2.79 | $3.53 | $3.06 | $2.41 | $3.41 | $3.85 | $3.35 | Free cash flow / shareFCF/sh |
| — | — | — | $2.33 | $1.60 | $1.30 | $1.86 | $2.55 | $3.26 | $3.69 | $3.67 | Dividends / shareDiv/sh |
| — | — | — | $2.86 | $0.97 | $0.76 | $1.23 | $1.91 | $2.18 | $1.88 | $2.05 | Cap. spending / shareCapex/sh |
| 9-yr | 5-yr | |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue / share | +7.0%/yr (6-yr) | +11.1%/yr |
| Owner earnings / share | +11.3%/yr (6-yr) | +6.7%/yr |
| EPS | +10.5%/yr (6-yr) | +20.3%/yr |
| Dividends / share | +8.0%/yr (6-yr) | +18.2%/yr |
| Capital spending / share | −6.8%/yr (6-yr) | +14.1%/yr |
The year, in the company's words
the filing →Verbatim from the 10-K's management discussion. Each sentence is shown only because its subject, direction, and stated figures check out against the filed numbers on this page. The words are the company's; the arithmetic is the record's.
- Net income-24.9%
“Net income (loss) decreased by $398.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, primarily due to (i) a $307.9 million decrease in gain (loss) on divestiture and other, net and (ii) a $273.0 million increase in total operating expenses.”
✓ figure matches the filed record
The record, charted
FY2016–2025Each measure over its full record; the current point and the worst year marked.
Owner earnings vs. net income
Owner earningsNet incomeThe accountant's number, and the cash an owner can take; the gap is the tell.
Where the cash went
ReinvestBuybacksDividendsAcquisitionsRetainedBeyond op. cashEach year's outlays against its operating cash: the mix, and how it drifts. The hatched cap is spending beyond that year's operating cash — financed from the balance sheet or borrowing, not operations.
Net income is the accountant's number; owner earnings is the cash an owner could take out. The walk between them, off the cash-flow statement, and whether the gap is widening or holding.
In fiscal 2025 the business turned $1.2B of profit into $1.5B of owner earnings: more cash than the profit line showed, after the non-cash charges and the capital it put back in.
| FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reported net income | $1.2B | $1.6B | $1.0B | $1.2B | $916M |
| Depreciation & amortizationnon-cash charge added back | +$711M | +$650M | +$601M | +$582M | +$552M |
| Stock-based compensationreal costnon-cash, but a real cost | +$51M | +$38M | +$32M | +$28M | +$28M |
| Working capital & othertiming of cash in and out, other non-cash items | +$280M | −$125M | +$6M | −$126M | +$271M |
| Cash from operations | $2.2B | $2.1B | $1.7B | $1.7B | $1.8B |
| Maintenance capital expenditurethe spending needed just to hold position and volume | −$728M | −$650M | −$735M | −$487M | −$314M |
| Owner earnings | $1.5B | $1.5B | $926M | $1.2B | $1.5B |
| Growth capital expenditurediscretionary; spent to get bigger, not to stand still | — | −$183M | — | — | — |
| Free cash flow | $1.5B | $1.3B | $926M | $1.2B | $1.5B |
| Owner-earnings marginowner earnings ÷ revenue | 39% | 41% | 30% | 37% | 54% |
Owner earnings is the cash an owner could pull out without starving the business: operating cash less the capital it must spend to hold its position . The cash-flow statement also adds stock comp back as non-cash, but it is a real cost paid in shares; counted as the expense it is (less $51M), owner earnings is nearer $1.4B.
Maintenance capex is estimated as depreciation where a growing business invests above it; free cash flow is the figure the scorecard's free-cash margin reads.
Quality & stewardship
Returns, the balance sheet, capital allocation, and pay.
Owner’s Scorecard
Will it survive?
- AdequateOperating income $1.6B ÷ interest expense $390M
What this means
Comfortable in a normal year, but below the margin of safety Graham looked for. Worth checking how stable the coverage has been across a full cycle.
- How heavy is the debt, net of cash? $7.8B · 4.9× operating profitHeavy net debtCash $819M − debt $8.6B
What this means
Netting $819M of cash and short-term investments against $8.6B of debt leaves $7.8B owed, about 4.9× a year's operating profit (5.4× on the gross debt, before the cash). Net debt is the leverage figure that matters: the cash is already set against the debt. Strategic or illiquid investments aren't counted here.
- Negative, funded by othersDSO 72 + DIO 0 − DPO 270 days
What this means
Days cash is tied up between paying suppliers and collecting from customers. A negative cycle is a quiet moat: suppliers and customers fund the operation (Buffett's “float”), the company grows on other people's money. (Little or no inventory, a services / asset-light model, so the inventory leg is ~0.)
Is it a good business?
- Not enough dataIndustry peers: median 6%
What this means
The filing data didn't include the inputs for this check.
- High through the cycle10-yr median margin, range 30%–54%; latest $1.5B = operating cash $2.2B − maintenance capex $728MIndustry peers: median 2%
What this means
What an owner could take out without starving the business: operating cash less the maintenance capital it must spend to hold its position — Buffett's owner earnings. That's 39% of revenue this year, a 37% median across 10 years. Treating stock comp as the real expense it is (less $51M of SBC) leaves $1.4B.
- Cash-backedCash from ops $2.2B ÷ net income $1.2B
What this means
How much of reported profit showed up as operating cash. Above 1× is reassuring; well below suggests earnings lean on accruals. One year is noisy, growth and working-capital swings distort it, and this is operating cash, not free cash. Watch the multi-year trend.
How is the cash used?
- Returns most of itDividends + buybacks $1.4B ÷ Owner Earnings $1.5B
What this means
Of $1.5B Owner Earnings, $1.4B (96%) went back to shareholders, $1.4B dividends, $0 buybacks. Returning most of it is the mark of a mature business with little left to reinvest at a high return; reinvesting most could mean a long runway, or empire-building. The split doesn't say which; the return earned on it (see ROIC) does.
- Investing or harvesting? 1.02×MaintainingCapex $728M ÷ depreciation $711M
What this means
Descriptive, not a grade. Above ~1× means investing faster than assets wear out (growth, or, sustained for years, today's earnings carrying less depreciation than tomorrow's will). Below means spending less than it's wearing out (efficiency, or a melting asset base). The ratio won't tell you which; the filings will.
Graham’s defensive tests · 4 of 6 met
Graham’s numerical criteria for the defensive investor (The Intelligent Investor, ch. 14), run on the filings. A floor of safety, not a buy signal; many fine modern businesses fail his strictest liquidity rules by design.
- Adequate size PassRevenue ≥ $2B · $3.8B
What this means
Big enough to weather a storm. Graham's 1972 floor was ~$100M of sales (≈ $700M today); we use a $2B revenue line as a conservative modern stand-in.
- Strong liquidity MissCurrent ratio ≥ 2× · 1.34×
What this means
Current assets at least twice current liabilities, near-term bills covered without touching the business. Strict by design: many cash-rich modern firms run leaner and miss it, holding their cushion in longer-dated securities.
- Conservative debt MissDebt ≤ working capital · $8.6B vs $420M WC
What this means
Graham's rule that borrowings not exceed net current assets. Capital-heavy and buyback-heavy firms routinely fail it, read it next to interest coverage, not alone.
- Earnings stability PassA profit every year (10-yr record) · no losses
What this means
Graham wanted earnings in each of the past ten years, the stability a defensive owner leans on.
- Dividend record PassUninterrupted dividends · paid every year (10)
What this means
An unbroken dividend was Graham's mark of durability. He wanted twenty years; the filings show about ten, and a single suspension breaks the streak. Non-payers, many fine modern compounders, fall outside his defensive net by design.
- Earnings growth PassEarnings +33% over the record · +163%
What this means
At least a third more earnings than a decade ago, averaging three years at each end. Net income (not per-share), so stock splits don't distort it, buybacks and dilution show up in the share-count line instead.
- Moderate price —P/E ≤ 15 and P/E × P/B ≤ 22.5 · decided by the price
What this means
Graham's valuation gate, the wall he kept between a sound business and a sound investment. Three-year average earnings are $3.20/share (latest year $3.00), the averaged base the calculator's gate runs on. Enter a price in “What the price implies” just below for the P/E, P/B, and whether it clears. But this is the rule Buffett outgrew: there's no hard P/E law, and a wonderful business can deserve a far richer multiple if the thesis holds, treat it as the bargain-hunter's floor, not a verdict on the price.
Durability & moat, 2016–2025
Whether the record’s returns held, and what the capital reinvested earned.
- Profitable years 10 of 10
What this means
Never lost money over the record, the earnings stability Graham insisted on.
- Operating margin 36% → 47% (3-yr avg ends)
What this means
Through the cycle the operating margin widened — about 36% early to 47% lately, median 42% — pricing power intact or improving.
- Owner earnings growth +9%/yr
What this means
Owner earnings grew about 9% a year over the record.
- Worst year 2017 · 33.0% op. margin
What this means
Stayed profitable even in its hardest year, the resilience that survives recessions.
- Share count −0.8%/yr
What this means
The share count is shrinking, buybacks are quietly growing your slice of the business.
- Dividend record rising
What this means
Paid and raised the dividend across the record, the continuity Graham prized.
Does AI threaten the moat?
Low contestabilityThe moat is physical, regulated or balance-sheet-funded, the kind AI cuts costs within but does not contest.
AI is unlikely to contest a moat that is physical, regulated or balance-sheet-funded; here it reads more as a cost tool than a threat.
Read from the filing's own risk factors, paired with the industry's structure under its SIC code; the durability is read above, the price below.
All figures as filed; the source filing is linked above.
Current Position
as of the latest quarter, Mar 31, 2026Can the business pay what it owes this year, off the freshest balance sheet: the quality of the assets, the debt actually coming due, and what a low ratio means here.
- Cash & short-term investments$647M
- Receivables$813M
- Other current assets$79M
- Debt due within a year$11M
- Accounts payable$414M
- Other current liabilities$982M
From the company's latest filing.
How the cash was used, 2016–2025
Over the record, the business generated $15.8B of operating cash; how management split it reads as a reinvestor, most operating cash is plowed back into the business.
- Reinvested$8.2B · 52%
- Dividends$7.9B · 50%
- Buybacks$872M · 6%
- Returned to owners$8.8B
80% of the owner earnings the business produced over the span, $7.9B as dividends and $872M as buybacks.
- Source of funding−$1.2B
Reinvestment and shareholder returns ran $1.2B beyond the operating cash the business generated, so the gap was financed off the balance sheet: debt rose from $3.1B to $8.6B.
- Average price paid for buybacks—
Buybacks ran $872M over the span, but a stock split in the window left the reported buyback-share counts on a basis the diluted-share count doesn't match, so a comparable average price can't be drawn.
- Net change in share count−3.7%
The diluted count fell from 416M to 401M, so the buybacks outran the stock issued to staff.
- Dividend record$3.69/sh
Paid in 10 of the years on record, the per-share dividend growing about 8% a year. It was cut at least once along the way.
Buybacks are gross of stock issued to staff; the share-count line above is the net of that, the figure that decides whether owners gained. The average price paid blends a year of purchases (and any accelerated repurchase), so it is close, not exact. The record of where the cash went and on what terms.
Acquisitions & goodwill
from the balance sheet & the 10-year cash-flow recordGoodwill grows only when a company acquires and falls only when it concedes it overpaid. The size of that bet, the cash put into buying rather than building, and how much has already been written off.
$441M written down across 1 year (2020): goodwill the company has already conceded it overpaid for, charged against earnings. A write-down costs no cash (the cash went out when the deal was signed), but it is management marking its own past judgment to market.
Goodwill, acquired intangibles and equity from the latest balance sheet; acquisition spend and write-downs summed across the 10-year record, from the company's own filings.
Management, ownership & pay
From the proxy: how much of the business the people running it own, and how they are paid.
- Stock-based compensation$51M
The slice of the business handed to employees in shares this year, 1% of revenue, equal to 3% of operating profit. Buffett's oldest accounting fight: this is compensation, compensation is an expense, real whether or not the headline earnings admit it. One trap: the cash-flow statement adds SBC back, so the operating cash, and the owner earnings drawn from it, are flattered by exactly this amount; counted as the cost it is, what an owner keeps is lower.
Inverting the record
Invert: instead of why Western Midstream Partners LP Common is a good business, the question is what would make owning it a mistake, and whether those marks are in the record. Disconfirming tests across 2016–2025.
3 of the 6 tests turned up something to look into; the other 3 came back clean.
- Look hereDid debt outgrow the business?$3.1B → $8.6B
Debt rose from $3.1B to $8.6B while owner earnings went from about $774M to $1.3B — about 4.0 years of owner earnings in debt then, about 6.6 now: measured against what the business earns, the balance sheet carries more debt than it did. Debt raised for buybacks or deals rather than growth is the kind that bites in a downturn.
- Look hereDid receivables and inventory outpace sales?11% → 20% of sales
Receivables and inventory grew from $193M to $813M while revenue grew 124%: working capital is climbing faster than sales (11% of revenue then, 20% now). That can mean customers paying slower, stock building up, or revenue pulled forward. The filing's cash-flow and receivables notes say which.
- Look hereAre "one-time" charges a yearly habit?10 of 10 years
Management took an impairment or write-down in 10 of the last 10 years, $1.2B in all. A charge taken almost every year is not one-time; it is the business — past deals coming due, and an admission the assets were worth less than what was paid. Munger's rule: when the "one-time" keeps happening, it is the business. Read it beside the goodwill the company still carries.
- Is it less profitable than it was?
- Did the share count rise anyway?
- Did reported profit become cash?
Each test is read from the filings and is noisy alone; a flag can mark a cyclical trough or a year of heavy investment as easily as a problem. The filing says which.
Peers, Pipelines & Midstream
The same industry, side by side on owner economics. Each figure is a through-cycle median, so a peak or trough year can’t distort it; the group median at the foot is the line to read each against.
| Company | Revenue | Gross margin | Op. margin | ROIC | Owner earn. margin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WESWestern Midstream Partners LP Common | $3.8B | 73% | 43.1% | — | 38% |
| NGLNGL ENERGY PARTNERS LP Common | $3.2B | 14% | 2.8% | — | 1% |
| CTRICenturi Holdings Inc. | $3.0B | 8% | 3.1% | 5% | 2% |
| OGSONE Gas | $2.6B | 57% | 17.9% | 6% | -6% |
| NJRNew Jersey Resources | $2.0B | 37% | 12.5% | 7% | 1% |
| KNTKKinetik Holdings Inc. | $1.8B | 30% | 8.1% | 3% | 22% |
| AROCArchrock | $1.5B | -25% | 17.8% | 6% | 16% |
| KGSKodiak Gas Services | $1.3B | — | 28.7% | 6% | 6% |
| Group median | — | 30% | 15.2% | — | 4% |
The price
What a price has to assume.
What the price implies
reverse-DCFType today's close and see the owner-earnings growth you'd have to believe to justify it, beside what Western Midstream Partners LP Common has delivered.
Through the cycle, Western Midstream Partners LP Common earns about $1.5B on its 38.1% median owner-earnings margin. This year’s 38.9% margin runs in line with that. Normalize, below, values the price on that through-cycle figure rather than the latest year.
—
9.0% = the 4.55% 10-year Treasury (Jul 15, 2026) + 4.45 points of equity premium. The rate you require is yours to set.
Enter a price above to run it.
A dated snapshot of the price you typed, the assumptions you set, and what the page showed for them. A snapshot is never edited after it is saved. Your notebook is yours alone — the commitment states what is stored and what we will never do.
Prefilled with the 10-year Treasury (4.55%, as of Jul 15, 2026). Edit it for today’s exact figure, or a AAA corporate yield.
Graham measured a stock against the bond you could own instead, the heart of his margin of safety. Enter a price above to weigh the owner-earnings yield against this bond.
Free cash flow $1.3B on 394M shares outstanding, per the 10-Q cover, as of 2026-05-01; net debt $8.0B. The base is the latest year by default; Normalize values it on the through-cycle median owner-earnings margin (to avoid paying on a peak year). Net of stock comp treats option pay as the expense it is. Capex ($821M) runs well above depreciation ($741M), so this is a build-out; Steady-state swaps total capex for maintenance (≈ depreciation), lifting the base to about $1.4B, the cash it would throw off if it stopped expanding. The dials set the multiple a growth belief justifies; the price, and every dollar on this page, is yours.
Manual order: ← WERN its page in the Manual WEST →
Industry order: ← USAC the Pipelines & Midstream chapter WMB →