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EZPW, EZCORP Inc. Class A Non Voting
EZCORP, Inc. is a leading provider of pawn services in the United States and Latin America with 1,360 locations and approximately 8,500 Team Members.
We are driven by a diverse team with a passion for pawn who are motivated to be their best — because our customers, families, stakeholders, and the communities and environment in which we live deserve it."
Innovate and Grow — Broaden customer engagement to serve more customers more frequently in more locations.
The business
What it sells, where the money comes from, the kind of company it is.
The business in brief
read the 10-K →What this business is and what moves its needle, from its own SEC filings.
- What it is
- Revenue is Merchandise (55%), Pawn Service (37%) and Jewelry Scrap (8%).
- Situation
- Cyclical. Margins collapse and recover repeatedly across the record; a single year, good or bad, misstates the through-cycle earning power.
- What moves the needle
- Operating margin has run about 7.1% through the cycle, a thin margin, where volume, cost discipline and the price it gets all bear on the result. The operating margin has swung widely — from −5.9% to 12% over the years — so the through-cycle figure carries more than any single year, and the worst year more than the best. Inventory runs near 17% of sales, so how fast it turns back into cash — and the risk of writing it down when demand softens — sits alongside the margin. On its own account, the filing leans hardest on concentrated dependence, set against the numbers in what the filing emphasizes, below.
- Is it a good business?
- Return on capital has rarely cleared the cost of capital (median 6%, above 15% in 0 of 8 years). By owner earnings: roughly 7% of revenue reaches owners as cash, consistently. The cycle and the balance sheet decide this one; the worst year tells more than the median, and the rest is in the 10-K.
Every line is arithmetic on the company's filings, shown in full in the sections below.
Where the money comes from
read the 10-K →Revenue spreads across 4 lines, the largest Merchandise at 55%.
- Merchandise55%$701M
- Pawn Service37%$474M
- Jewelry Scrap8%$99M
- Other revenues0%$169K
From the segment footnote of the company's own 10-K. Shares are of total revenue; the profit bar shows each segment's share of segment operating profit, before unallocated corporate costs.
The record
Ten years of arithmetic, read across the cycle.
The record, 2016–2025
realized figures from each filing · older years to the left| 2016’16 | 2017’17 | 2018’18 | 2019’19 | 2020’20 | 2021’21 | 2022’22 | 2023’23 | 2024’24 | 2025’25 | TTMTTMMar 2026 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Income statement | |||||||||||
| $731M | $748M | $812M | $847M | $823M | $730M | $886M | $1.0B | $1.2B | $1.3B | $1.5B | RevenueRevenue |
| 65% | 64% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 82% | Gross marginGross mgn |
| 9% | 7% | 7% | 8% | 7% | 8% | 7% | 6% | 7% | 7% | 6% | SG&A / revenueSG&A/rev |
| $29M | $53M | $67M | $47M | ($48M) | $31M | $75M | $92M | $113M | $149M | $201M | Operating incomeOp. inc. |
| 4.0% | 7.1% | 8.3% | 5.5% | −5.9% | 4.3% | 8.5% | 8.8% | 9.7% | 11.7% | 13.6% | Operating marginOp. mgn |
| ($81M) | $31M | $37M | $3M | ($68M) | $9M | $50M | $38M | $83M | $110M | $147M | Net incomeNet inc. |
| — | 26% | 33% | 49% | — | 46% | 26% | 26% | 28% | 25% | 25% | Effective tax rateTax rate |
| Cash flow & returns | |||||||||||
| $68M | $51M | $89M | $104M | $49M | $46M | $67M | $102M | $114M | $149M | $174M | Operating cash flowOp. cash |
| $29M | $24M | $25M | $29M | $31M | $31M | $32M | $32M | $33M | $33M | $35M | DepreciationDeprec. |
| $115M | ($10M) | $15M | $62M | $92M | $3M | ($21M) | $22M | ($13M) | ($6M) | ($23M) | Working capital & otherWC & other |
| $13M | $25M | $40M | $39M | $29M | $24M | $32M | $40M | $36M | $39M | $43M | CapexCapex |
| 1.8% | 3.3% | 5.0% | 4.6% | 3.5% | 3.2% | 3.6% | 3.9% | 3.1% | 3.0% | 2.9% | Capex / revenueCapex/rev |
| $55M | $26M | $63M | $75M | $21M | $23M | $35M | $70M | $78M | $110M | $131M | Owner earningsOwner earn. |
| 7.5% | 3.4% | 7.8% | 8.8% | 2.5% | 3.1% | 3.9% | 6.6% | 6.7% | 8.7% | 8.9% | Owner earnings marginOE mgn |
| $55M | $26M | $49M | $65M | $21M | $23M | $35M | $61M | $78M | $110M | $131M | Free cash flowFCF |
| 7.5% | 3.4% | 6.0% | 7.6% | 2.5% | 3.1% | 3.9% | 5.9% | 6.7% | 8.7% | 8.9% | Free cash flow marginFCF mgn |
| $6M | $2M | $93M | $8M | $0 | $19M | $2M | $15M | $12M | $21M | $46M | AcquisitionsAcquis. |
| $12M | $0 | $0 | $0 | $5M | $0 | $2M | $17M | $12M | $7M | — | BuybacksBuybacks |
| — | 5% | 5% | — | -6% | 2% | 7% | 8% | 8% | 10% | 12% | ROICROIC |
| -14% | 5% | 5% | 0% | -11% | 1% | 7% | 5% | 10% | 11% | 13% | Return on equityROE |
| −14% | 5% | 5% | 0% | −11% | 1% | 7% | 5% | 10% | 11% | 13% | Retained to equityRetained/eq |
| Balance sheet | |||||||||||
| $66M | $113M | $285M | $158M | $305M | $254M | $206M | $221M | $171M | $470M | $354M | Cash & investmentsCash+inv |
| — | $20M | $19M | $11M | $7M | $9M | $8M | $31M | — | — | $31M | ReceivablesReceiv. |
| $140M | $154M | $167M | $179M | $96M | $111M | $152M | $166M | $192M | $248M | $276M | InventoryInvent. |
| $84M | $60M | $58M | $78M | $72M | $22M | $24M | $23M | $21M | $23M | $25M | Accounts payablePayables |
| $56M | $114M | $128M | $112M | $31M | $98M | $136M | $174M | $171M | $226M | $282M | Operating working capitalOper. WC |
| $482M | $581M | $749M | $606M | $593M | $611M | $644M | $720M | $729M | $1.1B | $1.1B | Current assetsCur. assets |
| $95M | $73M | $260M | $91M | $132M | $155M | $153M | $192M | $269M | $201M | $232M | Current liabilitiesCur. liab. |
| 5.1× | 8.0× | 2.9× | 6.7× | 4.5× | 3.9× | 4.2× | 3.7× | 2.7× | 5.6× | 4.7× | Current ratioCurr. ratio |
| $254M | $290M | $299M | $301M | $258M | $286M | $287M | $302M | $306M | $325M | $474M | GoodwillGoodwill |
| $983M | $1.0B | $1.2B | $1.1B | $1.2B | $1.3B | $1.3B | $1.5B | $1.5B | $2.0B | $2.1B | Total assetsAssets |
| $284M | $285M | $417M | $239M | $251M | $264M | $313M | $360M | $327M | $518M | $519M | Total debtDebt |
| $218M | $172M | $132M | $81M | ($53M) | $11M | $107M | $140M | $157M | $49M | $165M | Net debt / (cash)Net debt |
| 1.8× | 1.9× | 2.4× | 1.4× | -2.2× | 1.4× | 7.5× | 5.6× | 8.3× | 6.5× | 6.1× | Interest coverageInt. cov. |
| $595M | $662M | $743M | $745M | $649M | $672M | $692M | $746M | $805M | $1.0B | $1.1B | Shareholders’ equityEquity |
| 0.7% | 0.8% | 1.3% | 1.2% | −0.6% | 0.5% | 0.6% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 1.0% | 1.1% | Stock comp / revenueSBC/rev |
| $73M | — | — | — | $41M | $41M | — | — | — | — | — | Goodwill written downGW imp. |
| Per share | |||||||||||
| 81.6M | 81.6M | 86.8M | 84.0M | 83.0M | 83.9M | 82.4M | 80.9M | 84.4M | 83.4M | 83.4M | Shares out (diluted)Shares |
| $8.95 | $9.17 | $9.35 | $10.09 | $9.92 | $8.69 | $10.76 | $12.97 | $13.76 | $15.28 | $17.72 | Revenue / shareRev/sh |
| $-0.99 | $0.39 | $0.43 | $0.03 | $-0.83 | $0.10 | $0.61 | $0.48 | $0.98 | $1.31 | $1.76 | EPS (diluted)EPS |
| $0.67 | $0.31 | $0.73 | $0.89 | $0.25 | $0.27 | $0.42 | $0.86 | $0.92 | $1.32 | $1.57 | Owner earnings / shareOE/sh |
| $0.67 | $0.31 | $0.56 | $0.77 | $0.25 | $0.27 | $0.42 | $0.76 | $0.92 | $1.32 | $1.57 | Free cash flow / shareFCF/sh |
| $0.16 | $0.31 | $0.47 | $0.46 | $0.34 | $0.28 | $0.39 | $0.50 | $0.42 | $0.46 | $0.51 | Cap. spending / shareCapex/sh |
| $7.29 | $8.12 | $8.55 | $8.87 | $7.82 | $8.01 | $8.40 | $9.22 | $9.53 | $12.30 | $13.44 | Book value / shareBVPS |
Share counts before 2022 are restated ×1.5 for a stock split, so per-share figures sit on one basis.
| 9-yr | 5-yr | |
|---|---|---|
| Revenue / share | +6.1%/yr | +9.0%/yr |
| Owner earnings / share | +7.8%/yr | +39.8%/yr |
| Capital spending / share | +12.3%/yr | +6.1%/yr |
| Book value / share | +6.0%/yr | +9.5%/yr |
The year, in the company's words
the filing →Verbatim from the 10-K's management discussion. Each sentence is shown only because its subject, direction, and stated figures check out against the filed numbers on this page. The words are the company's; the arithmetic is the record's.
- Revenue+9.7%
“Total revenues increased $112.7 million (10%) and gross profit increased 9%, reflecting improved PSC revenue, merchandise sales and jewelry scrap gross profit.”
✓ figure matches the filed record - Jewelry Scrap+61.9%
“Jewelry scrap sales increased 62%, and jewelry scrap sales gross margin increased by 1,160 bps to 26.6% due to an increase in gold price and jewelry purchases.”
✓ figure matches the filed record
The record, charted
FY2016–2025Each measure over its full record; the current point and the worst year marked. Share counts on the current split basis.
Owner earnings vs. net income
Owner earningsNet incomeThe accountant's number, and the cash an owner can take; the gap is the tell.
Where the cash went
ReinvestBuybacksDividendsAcquisitionsRetainedBeyond op. cashEach year's outlays against its operating cash: the mix, and how it drifts. The hatched cap is spending beyond that year's operating cash — financed from the balance sheet or borrowing, not operations.
Net income is the accountant's number; owner earnings is the cash an owner could take out. The walk between them, off the cash-flow statement, and whether the gap is widening or holding.
In fiscal 2025 the business turned $110M of profit into $110M of owner earnings: more cash than the profit line showed, after the non-cash charges and the capital it put back in.
| FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reported net income | $110M | $83M | $38M | $50M | $9M |
| Depreciation & amortizationnon-cash charge added back | +$33M | +$33M | +$32M | +$32M | +$31M |
| Stock-based compensationreal costnon-cash, but a real cost | +$12M | +$10M | +$10M | +$5M | +$4M |
| Working capital & othertiming of cash in and out, other non-cash items | −$6M | −$13M | +$22M | −$21M | +$3M |
| Cash from operations | $149M | $114M | $102M | $67M | $46M |
| Maintenance capital expenditurethe spending needed just to hold position and volume | −$39M | −$36M | −$32M | −$32M | −$24M |
| Owner earnings | $110M | $78M | $70M | $35M | $23M |
| Growth capital expenditurediscretionary; spent to get bigger, not to stand still | — | — | −$8M | — | — |
| Free cash flow | $110M | $78M | $61M | $35M | $23M |
| Owner-earnings marginowner earnings ÷ revenue | 9% | 7% | 7% | 4% | 3% |
Owner earnings is the cash an owner could pull out without starving the business: operating cash less the capital it must spend to hold its position . The cash-flow statement also adds stock comp back as non-cash, but it is a real cost paid in shares; counted as the expense it is (less $12M), owner earnings is nearer $98M.
Maintenance capex is estimated as depreciation where a growing business invests above it; free cash flow is the figure the scorecard's free-cash margin reads.
Quality & stewardship
Returns, the balance sheet, capital allocation, and pay.
Owner’s Scorecard
Will it survive?
- ComfortableOperating income $149M ÷ interest expense $23M
What this means
Operating profit covers interest with the kind of margin Graham wanted for a defensive holding. Necessary, not sufficient, it says solvent, not cheap.
- How heavy is the debt, net of cash? $49M · 0.3× operating profitModest net debtCash $470M − debt $518M
What this means
Netting $470M of cash and short-term investments against $518M of debt leaves $49M owed, about 0.3× a year's operating profit (3.5× on the gross debt, before the cash). Net debt is the leverage figure that matters: the cash is already set against the debt. Strategic or illiquid investments aren't counted here.
- Long (60+ days)DSO 9 + DIO 340 − DPO 31 days
What this means
Days cash is tied up between paying suppliers and collecting from customers. Lower is better; a long cycle means growth itself eats cash.
Is it a good business?
- Below average through the cycle8-yr median, range -6%–10%; 10% latest = NOPAT $111M ÷ invested capital $1.1BIndustry peers: median 11%
What this means
The rate the business earns on the money tied up in it, Buffett's north star, because over time a stock tracks the ROIC beneath it. Above ~15% sustained hints at a moat; a return below the cost of capital (~8%) erodes value as a business grows rather than building it — the test Buffett weighs most. The headline is the median of the last 8 years (it ran 10% most recently), so one peak or trough year doesn't set the verdict. Asset-light businesses (R&D expensed, little capital) read artificially high, pair this with Owner Earnings.
- Solid through the cycle10-yr median margin, range 2%–9%; latest $110M = operating cash $149M − maintenance capex $39MIndustry peers: median 4%
What this means
What an owner could take out without starving the business: operating cash less the maintenance capital it must spend to hold its position — Buffett's owner earnings. That's 9% of revenue this year, a 7% median across 10 years. Treating stock comp as the real expense it is (less $12M of SBC) leaves $98M.
- Cash-backedCash from ops $149M ÷ net income $110M
What this means
How much of reported profit showed up as operating cash. Above 1× is reassuring; well below suggests earnings lean on accruals. One year is noisy, growth and working-capital swings distort it, and this is operating cash, not free cash. Watch the multi-year trend.
How is the cash used?
- Reinvests most of itDividends + buybacks $7M ÷ Owner Earnings $110M
What this means
Of $110M Owner Earnings, $7M (6%) went back to shareholders, $0 dividends, $7M buybacks. But the buybacks barely exceed stock issued to employees ($12M SBC), net of dilution, little was truly returned. Returning most of it is the mark of a mature business with little left to reinvest at a high return; reinvesting most could mean a long runway, or empire-building. The split doesn't say which; the return earned on it (see ROIC) does.
- Investing or harvesting? 1.19×MaintainingCapex $39M ÷ depreciation $33M
What this means
Descriptive, not a grade. Above ~1× means investing faster than assets wear out (growth, or, sustained for years, today's earnings carrying less depreciation than tomorrow's will). Below means spending less than it's wearing out (efficiency, or a melting asset base). The ratio won't tell you which; the filings will.
Graham’s defensive tests · 2 of 5 met
Graham’s numerical criteria for the defensive investor (The Intelligent Investor, ch. 14), run on the filings. A floor of safety, not a buy signal; many fine modern businesses fail his strictest liquidity rules by design.
- Adequate size NearRevenue ≥ $2B · $1.3B
What this means
Big enough to weather a storm. Graham's 1972 floor was ~$100M of sales (≈ $700M today); we use a $2B revenue line as a conservative modern stand-in.
- Strong liquidity PassCurrent ratio ≥ 2× · 5.61×
What this means
Current assets at least twice current liabilities, near-term bills covered without touching the business. Strict by design: many cash-rich modern firms run leaner and miss it, holding their cushion in longer-dated securities.
- Conservative debt PassDebt ≤ working capital · $518M vs $925M WC
What this means
Graham's rule that borrowings not exceed net current assets. Capital-heavy and buyback-heavy firms routinely fail it, read it next to interest coverage, not alone.
- Earnings stability MissA profit every year (10-yr record) · 2 loss years
What this means
Graham wanted earnings in each of the past ten years, the stability a defensive owner leans on.
- Dividend record MissUninterrupted dividends · none paid
What this means
An unbroken dividend was Graham's mark of durability. He wanted twenty years; the filings show about ten, and a single suspension breaks the streak. Non-payers, many fine modern compounders, fall outside his defensive net by design.
- Earnings growth —Earnings +33% over the record · —
What this means
Earnings were negative early in the record, a growth rate isn't meaningful.
- Moderate price —P/E ≤ 15 and P/E × P/B ≤ 22.5 · decided by the price
What this means
Graham's valuation gate, the wall he kept between a sound business and a sound investment. Three-year average earnings are $1.25/share (latest year $1.78), the averaged base the calculator's gate runs on, and book value is $16.69/share. Enter a price in “What the price implies” just below for the P/E, P/B, and whether it clears. But this is the rule Buffett outgrew: there's no hard P/E law, and a wonderful business can deserve a far richer multiple if the thesis holds, treat it as the bargain-hunter's floor, not a verdict on the price.
Durability & moat, 2016–2025
Whether the record’s returns held, and what the capital reinvested earned.
- Profitable years 8 of 10
What this means
Lost money in 2 year(s), look at what happened there before trusting the average.
- Return on capital ≥ 15% 0 of 10 yrs
What this means
A moat shows up as a high return on invested capital that holds year after year, not one good vintage.
- Operating margin 6% → 10% (3-yr avg ends)
What this means
Through the cycle the operating margin widened — about 6% early to 10% lately, median 7% — pricing power intact or improving.
- Reinvestment, incremental ROIC returns capital
What this means
The capital base barely grew: this business returns cash through dividends and buybacks rather than reinvesting. Judge it on the cash returned, not on compounding.
- Owner earnings growth +10%/yr
What this means
Owner earnings grew about 10% a year over the record.
- Worst year 2020 · −5.9% op. margin
What this means
Operations went underwater in 2020, understand why before trusting the good years.
- Share count +4.9%/yr
What this means
The share count is rising, dilution works against you on a per-share basis.
Does AI threaten the moat?
Moderate contestabilityAI is likely to reshape costs and some products here without clearly contesting or sparing the core moat; how the company itself frames it is the tell.
The question is whether a moat the record shows as durable outlasts a technology that lowers the cost of part of what the firm sells. The durability is read in the record above, the filing's own framing of AI beside it; the industry label decides nothing on its own.
Read from the filing's own risk factors, paired with the industry's structure under its SIC code; the durability is read above, the price below.
All figures as filed; the source filing is linked above.
Current Position
as of the latest quarter, Mar 31, 2026Can the business pay what it owes this year, off the freshest balance sheet: the quality of the assets, the debt actually coming due, and what a low ratio means here.
- Cash & short-term investments$354M
- Receivables$31M
- Inventory$276M
- Other current assets$431M
- Accounts payable$25M
- Other current liabilities$207M
From the company's latest filing.
How the cash was used, 2016–2025
Over the record, the business generated $838M of operating cash; how management split it reads as a cash builder, a large share of cash simply built up on the balance sheet.
- Reinvested$316M · 38%
- Buybacks$55M · 7%
- Retained (debt / cash)$466M · 56%
- Returned to owners$55M
10% of the owner earnings the business produced over the span, $0 as dividends and $55M as buybacks.
- Source of fundingOperating cash
Operating cash covered reinvestment and returns; over the span debt rose $235M and cash and short-term investments rose $288M.
- Average price paid for buybacks—
Buybacks ran $55M over the span, but the filings don't tag the share count needed to deduce the average price paid.
- Net change in share count2.1%
The diluted count rose from 82M to 83M: issuance (stock pay, deals) outran any buybacks, so owners were diluted on net.
- Dividend record—
No dividend line was reported in the filing data over the span; the record here neither confirms nor rules out a payout.
- Return on what it retained24%
Of the earnings it kept rather than paid out ($157M over the span), annual owner earnings (first three years vs last three) grew $38M, so each retained $1 added about 0.24 of yearly owner earnings. Buffett's test, run on owner earnings instead of market value.
Buybacks are gross of stock issued to staff; the share-count line above is the net of that, the figure that decides whether owners gained. The average price paid blends a year of purchases (and any accelerated repurchase), so it is close, not exact. The record of where the cash went and on what terms.
Acquisitions & goodwill
from the balance sheet & the 10-year cash-flow recordGoodwill grows only when a company acquires and falls only when it concedes it overpaid. The size of that bet, the cash put into buying rather than building, and how much has already been written off.
$156M written down across 3 years (2016, 2020, 2021): goodwill the company has already conceded it overpaid for, charged against earnings. That is roughly 88% of the cash it put into acquisitions over the span. A write-down costs no cash (the cash went out when the deal was signed), but it is management marking its own past judgment to market.
Goodwill, acquired intangibles and equity from the latest balance sheet; acquisition spend and write-downs summed across the 10-year record, from the company's own filings.
Management, ownership & pay
read the proxy →From the proxy: how much of the business the people running it own, and how they are paid.
- Insider ownership2.1%
The stake all directors and executive officers hold together, per the 2014 proxy: skin in the game, the first thing Munger reads.
- Stock-based compensation$12M
The slice of the business handed to employees in shares this year, 1% of revenue, equal to 8% of operating profit. Buffett's oldest accounting fight: this is compensation, compensation is an expense, real whether or not the headline earnings admit it. One trap: the cash-flow statement adds SBC back, so the operating cash, and the owner earnings drawn from it, are flattered by exactly this amount; counted as the cost it is, what an owner keeps is lower.
Inverting the record
Invert: instead of why EZCORP Inc. Class A Non Voting is a good business, the question is what would make owning it a mistake, and whether those marks are in the record. Disconfirming tests across 2016–2025.
1 of the 6 tests turned up something to look into; the other 5 came back clean.
- Look hereAre "one-time" charges a yearly habit?6 of 10 years
Management took an impairment or write-down in 6 of the last 10 years, $217M in all. Taken across the majority of the record, the "one-time" label is wearing thin — ask whether these are past deals coming due rather than genuinely isolated events. Read it beside the goodwill the company still carries.
- Is it less profitable than it was?
- Did the share count rise anyway?
- Did debt outgrow the business?
- Did reported profit become cash?
- Did receivables and inventory outpace sales?
Each test is read from the filings and is noisy alone; a flag can mark a cyclical trough or a year of heavy investment as easily as a problem. The filing says which.
Peers, Consumer Finance
The same industry, side by side on owner economics. Each figure is a through-cycle median, so a peak or trough year can’t distort it; the group median at the foot is the line to read each against.
| Company | Revenue | Gross margin | Op. margin | ROIC | Owner earn. margin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SVVSavers Value Village Inc. | $1.7B | — | 9.0% | 11% | 4% |
| FCFSFirstCash Holdings Inc. | $1.7B | 39% | 21.7% | 8% | 19% |
| SPHSuburban Propane Partners L.P. | $1.4B | 60% | 12.8% | — | 12% |
| GCTGigaCloud Technology Inc | $1.3B | — | 11.2% | 84% | 13% |
| EZPWEZCORP Inc. Class A Non Voting | $1.3B | 79% | 7.7% | 6% | 7% |
| SFIXStitch Fix Inc. | $1.3B | 44% | -3.0% | -35% | 3% |
| LESLLeslie's | $1.2B | 41% | 13.1% | 38% | 3% |
| REALThe RealReal Inc. | $693M | 64% | -31.6% | — | -21% |
| Group median | — | 52% | 10.1% | 9% | 5% |
The price
What a price has to assume.
What the price implies
reverse-DCFType today's close and see the owner-earnings growth you'd have to believe to justify it, beside what EZCORP Inc. Class A Non Voting has delivered.
EZCORP Inc. Class A Non Voting’s latest year runs above its own through-cycle margin — the reported figure may flatter a peak. So the tool opens on the through-cycle base, Graham’s averaging cutting both ways; clear the toggle below to read the latest year exactly as reported.
Through the cycle, EZCORP Inc. Class A Non Voting earns about $85M on its 6.7% median owner-earnings margin. This year’s 8.7% margin runs above that; the reported figure may flatter a peak you'd be paying on. Normalize, below, values the price on that through-cycle figure rather than the latest year. It comes pre-checked here for that reason, the same rule that already normalizes a trough; clear it to price the year as filed.
—
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Enter a price above to run it.
A dated snapshot of the price you typed, the assumptions you set, and what the page showed for them. A snapshot is never edited after it is saved. Your notebook is yours alone — the commitment states what is stored and what we will never do.
Graham capped the multiple at 15×; Buffett and Munger let that rule go: a wonderful business can deserve 50× if the thesis holds. The gate marks the bargain-hunter's floor.
Prefilled with the 10-year Treasury (4.55%, as of Jul 15, 2026). Edit it for today’s exact figure, or a AAA corporate yield.
Graham measured a stock against the bond you could own instead, the heart of his margin of safety. Enter a price above to weigh the owner-earnings yield against this bond.
Owner earnings $131M on 61M shares outstanding (a weighted basic average, the only count this filer tags); net debt $165M. The if-converted diluted count is 83M, 36% above the shares outstanding: the dilution overhang (convertibles, options) a buyer inherits. The base opens on the through-cycle figure (the latest year sits above the record’s own median, and Graham’s averaging cuts both ways); clear Normalize to use the year as filed. Net of stock comp treats option pay as the expense it is. The dials set the multiple a growth belief justifies; the price, and every dollar on this page, is yours.
Manual order: ← EYPT its page in the Manual F →
Industry order: ← ENVA the Consumer Finance chapter FCFS →